Female imams lead prayers, a first in France

Of note:

Several French Muslim women are trying to lead prayer sessions in France. They face major opposition, but on Saturday two French women who converted to Islam led the country’s first non-segregated prayers where wearing of the veil was not compulsory.

Eva Janadin and Anne-Sophie Monsinay led prayers before a congregation of 60. Men and women kneeled, side by side, in a room in Paris hired for the occasion.

For security reasons the location remained secret: an indication that fundamentalist Muslims are still struggling with the move towards a more “inclusive” expression of Islam in France.

Un temps de prière mixte et progressiste, où le port du voile n’est pas obligatoire. «Nous apportons notre pierre à la construction d’un islam de France adapté aux acquis de la modernité», explique l’imame Eva Janadin

In a report by Le Parisien, Ann-Sophie Monsinay said they had faced opposition but that thankfully “there had been more encouragement than threats”.

Source: Female imams lead prayers, a first in France

Sauvée d’un mariage forcé à Victoriaville: «Ma famille veut me frapper»

Ends well but likely not all cases do. More action needed to identify the imam in question (who appears not to be from outside Victoriaville) and, if charges cannot be laid, educate and advise him of Canadian laws and procedures:

La police et la direction de la protection de la jeunesse (DPJ) ont sauvé une adolescente d’un mariage forcé organisé par un imam à Victoriaville cet été. Lorsque la jeune fille s’est enfuie de chez elle, c’est chez une famille de réfugiés du coin qu’elle a trouvé asile, ce qui a provoqué un affrontement dans la communauté. Ses protecteurs se sont confiés à La Presse. Récit d’un sauvetage.

L’adolescente est entrée en coup de vent dans l’appartement de la famille Al-Atrash*, sans cogner. Des gens étaient à ses trousses. Elle semblait terrorisée, à bout de souffle. Elle avait besoin d’un endroit où se cacher. Tout de suite.

« Ma famille veut me frapper, ma famille veut me frapper », répétait-elle. Les résidants des lieux ont voulu la calmer, lui offrir un verre d’eau. Ils n’arrivaient pas à comprendre pourquoi elle faisait irruption ainsi chez eux. Mais ils voyaient bien qu’elle était partie dans l’urgence, sans même prendre le temps de mettre ses souliers.

Puis la porte d’entrée s’est ouverte à nouveau. Six personnes ont fait irruption dans le modeste logement à la suite de la jeune fille. Sa mère, ses frères, son fiancé dans la vingtaine, ainsi que deux amis de ce dernier. Ils semblaient furieux, enragés, agressifs.

L’adolescente en fuite s’est précipitée dans une chambre et a verrouillé la porte. Sa mère criait : « Je veux ma fille ! » Son fiancé a pris son élan et commencé à donner de grands coups dans la porte de la pièce, qu’il a réussi à défoncer.

La jeune fille traquée tenait bon, appuyant son dos contre la porte brisée et poussant de toutes ses forces avec ses jambes sur le lit devant elle, pour bloquer l’entrée. « Je ne veux pas sortir ! », criait-elle.

Bousculade et corps à corps

Les six membres de la famille Al-Atrash se sont interposés devant les intrus. Le père Al-Atrash criait au fiancé : « Mais qu’est-ce que tu fais ? »

Une bousculade a éclaté. Cris, corps à corps, cheveux tirés, chutes : le fiancé a été blessé à une main. Enceinte, la mère Al-Atrash a été poussée violemment, ce qui lui a causé des douleurs au ventre qui l’ont menée à l’hôpital.

J’avais vraiment peur, ce n’était pas facile. Tout le monde pleurait.

Amira, la fille aînée de la famille Al-Atrash

(La Presse a modifié le nom des membres de la famille, car la Loi sur la protection de la jeunesse interdit de publier toute information qui permettrait d’identifier la victime dans cette affaire ou ses parents.)

Amira connaissait l’adolescente en fuite. Elles étudiaient dans des écoles secondaires différentes, mais comme leurs familles avaient fui le même pays du Moyen-Orient pour s’établir en tant que réfugiés dans le même quartier à Victoriaville, elles s’étaient liées d’amitié. Amira ne connaissait pas tous les détails de la vie intime de son amie. Mais elle savait qu’on voulait la forcer à épouser un homme dans la vingtaine. Et que la jeune fille ne voulait rien savoir de lui.

L’histoire du mariage forcé auquel était destinée l’adolescente a été révélée vendredi matin par l’animateur Paul Arcand sur les ondes du 98,5 FM. Le lendemain, les six membres de la famille Al-Atrash ont accepté d’accorder une entrevue à La Presse dans leur petit salon. Ils ont raconté pour la première fois cette journée tendue d’avril dernier et les déchirements qu’elle a provoqués dans la communauté musulmane du Centre-du-Québec.

Cinq mois plus tard, alors qu’ils se remémorent le tout, le cadre de la porte de leur chambre à coucher affiche encore des marques de violence.

Escorte policière

Dans le chaos ambiant, en cet après-midi d’avril, le père Al-Atrash avait réussi à joindre le père de l’adolescente au téléphone. « Je lui ai dit qu’il parle à son monde, que je ne voulais pas de problèmes », se remémore-t-il. Finalement, un des frères de l’adolescente en fuite a convenu qu’il n’était pas acceptable d’envahir ainsi la maison des gens. Il a fait sortir sa bande. La dispute s’est déplacée dehors. L’adolescente refusait toujours de sortir, et les Al-Atrash faisaient écran pour la protéger.

Les patrouilleurs du poste de la Sûreté du Québec (SQ) de Victoriaville, accourus sur place, avaient bien du mal à comprendre ce qui se passait.

« Les policiers ont été appelés pour une altercation impliquant une vingtaine de personnes », raconte la sergente Ingrid Asselin, porte-parole de la SQ.

D’autres membres de la communauté s’étaient mêlés de la dispute. La situation était confuse. « Les policiers parlaient français, mais tout le monde ici parlait arabe », se souvient le père Al-Atrash, qui suit des cours de francisation depuis son arrivée au Québec en 2016, mais qui peine encore parfois à se faire comprendre.

Après avoir démêlé un peu l’histoire, les policiers ont fait un signalement à la direction de la protection de la jeunesse.

La sergente Ingrid Asselin, porte-parole de la SQ

Le jour même, l’adolescente a été sortie de son foyer pour être placée dans une famille d’accueil, parce que les intervenants jugeaient que son développement et sa sécurité étaient menacés. La police a escorté les intervenants de la DPJ jusqu’à destination, pour s’assurer qu’ils n’étaient pas suivis.

L’adolescente a demandé elle-même à être placée en famille d’accueil jusqu’à sa majorité, tant elle craignait sa famille. L’affaire s’est déplacée devant le tribunal de la jeunesse, où les parents et le futur époux ont plaidé pour qu’elle reste avec eux.

Contrôle total

La preuve entendue en cour a révélé que la DPJ suivait la famille depuis un an, pour mauvais traitements psychologiques et physiques. En 2018, alors qu’elle n’était âgée que de 15 ans, l’adolescente avait été promise à un garçon dans la vingtaine, même si elle ne l’aimait pas. Ses parents avaient collecté une dot de plusieurs milliers de dollars en échange de sa main.

Un imam avait signé le contrat de mariage. Il ne restait que la réception à organiser. La fête devait se tenir en mai 2019. L’adolescente fréquentait toujours l’école et habitait chez ses parents, mais elle était déjà sous le joug de son conjoint imposé.

« Elle décrit son fiancé comme étant très contrôlant. Il décide de ce qu’elle porte, du choix de ses amies, il refuse qu’elle se maquille, il exige qu’elle soit toujours avec lui lorsqu’elle n’est pas à l’école, il décide de ses sorties, il l’empêche de parler à des gens et l’oblige aussi à porter le hijab », relate le juge de la Cour du Québec Bruno Langelier, dans son jugement daté du 18 juillet dernier.

Malgré qu’elle lui a dit à plusieurs reprises qu’elle ne l’aime pas et ne pas vouloir se marier, le fiancé lui répond qu’elle est à lui, qu’elle n’a pas le choix.

Extrait du jugement

« Sa mère lui a dit ne pas pouvoir l’aider, même si elle comprend », souligne-t-il.

« L’adolescente est si craintive de représailles qu’elle n’a même pas osé se présenter au tribunal pour l’audition », observe le juge.

À l’audience, le fiancé a soutenu qu’il était normal d’interdire à sa future épouse de parler à un homme ou de saluer un étranger de la main dans la rue. Il a déploré qu’elle se soit enfuie chez « une fille qui lui enseigne des choses pas correctes ».

Mais le juge, lui, a souligné au contraire comment la famille Al-Atrash avait été d’un grand secours en ce matin d’avril. « Les gens chez qui l’adolescente se réfugie la protègent et empêchent sa famille de la ramener chez elle », a-t-il résumé en ordonnant le placement de l’adolescente dans une famille d’accueil où elle serait en sécurité, sous la supervision de la DPJ.

La loi s’applique à tous

Les parents et le fiancé ont eu tort de croire qu’ils pouvaient appliquer les traditions de leur pays natal en matière de mariage, explique le juge. « Ces coutumes ne peuvent prévaloir dans la province de Québec. Il n’y a qu’une règle de droit et elle s’applique à tous les résidants du territoire de cette province. »

L’avocate des parents de l’adolescente, Me Angie Lemieux, a confirmé lors d’un entretien téléphonique que ceux-ci avaient renoncé à porter en appel le verdict du tribunal.

Quant à l’imam qui a signé le contrat de mariage, il n’est pas identifié dans le jugement du tribunal de la jeunesse. Joints par La Presse, des représentants des deux mosquées de Victoriaville ont dit croire qu’il venait de l’extérieur de la ville.

Il apparaît clair que l’imam […] agit en contravention de la loi.

Extrait du jugement

Pourrait-il avoir célébré d’autres mariages forcés d’adolescentes au Québec ? Pour des raisons de confidentialité, la DPJ refuse de dire si elle a découvert d’autres cas.

« Chaque signalement est analysé afin de nous permettre de recevoir un maximum d’information. Il peut arriver qu’au cours de son évaluation, la DPJ doive signaler d’autres enfants en lien avec les éléments qui lui sont rapportés », s’est contentée de dire Geneviève Jauron, porte-parole de l’organisme pour la Mauricie et le Centre-du-Québec.

« La jeune fille a fait ce qu’il fallait pour que ses droits soient respectés. On entend souvent parler de la DPJ pour le négatif, mais ici, heureusement, les intervenants ont pu sauver une jeune fille et s’assurer qu’elle puisse vivre sa vie dans le respect de ses droits », a commenté Sylvie Godin, répondante politique pour le syndicat des intervenants de la DPJ dans la région.

« On l’a aidée »

Aujourd’hui âgée de 16 ans, l’adolescente refait tranquillement sa vie dans un endroit tenu secret, pour sa protection. Amira Al-Atrash n’a plus de contact avec elle. Elle ignore comment son amie se porte. Mais elle est fière de ce que sa famille a fait pour elle. « On l’a aidée », dit-elle.

L’affaire a laissé des marques, dans le voisinage. Encore aujourd’hui, certaines personnes ne s’adressent plus la parole, ou ne le font que pour s’injurier, à la suite de cette histoire.

De son côté, Amira ne craint pas de se retrouver dans une situation semblable et d’être forcée à son tour d’épouser un homme qu’elle n’aime pas.

« Dans ma famille, si je choisis une personne, c’est moi qui vais choisir. Si je dis non, mon père aussi, il va dire non. »

*Nom fictif.

Ce que le père de l’adolescente a dit au tribunal

« Ici, toutes les filles [de notre pays] ont changé, les familles ont peur. Nos filles, avant de venir ici, elles répondaient à leur mère. Là, elles veulent partir. Tous mes amis ont peur que leurs filles quittent la maison. »

Ce que le juge a répliqué

« Cette adolescente est en droit de s’émanciper et d’aspirer à des réalisations personnelles des plus légitimes que sont de marier quelqu’un qu’elle aime, de vouloir exercer une profession, de décider de sa tenue vestimentaire et de ses fréquentations. Elle a droit à sa liberté de conscience, de religion, de pouvoir être libre de décider de son avenir, et de ne pas être soumise à un fiancé qui contrôle tout et qui l’oblige à porter le hijab. Elle veut être libre et s’affranchir du diktat des hommes qui l’entourent. »

Source: Sauvée d’un mariage forcé à Victoriaville: «Ma famille veut me frapper»

Glitch ‘approves’ Sephardic requests for Spanish citizenship

Oops:

A computer glitch in the government portal of Spain caused thousands of applications for citizenship by Sephardic Jews to be reported approved even though they are still pending.

The Spanish Foreign Ministry reported the error in a statement Friday.

Under a law passed in Spain in 2015, descendants of Sephardic Jews may become citizens if their application is approved for lineage by the umbrella group of Spanish Jewish communities and the Justice Ministry.

“A technical error occurred in the Justice Ministry’s platform that registers the status of applications made by potential beneficiaries” of the law, the statement said. It added that “no new citizenship was granted” this month.

Approved applicants will be contacted by the consulate processing their application, the statement also said.

In discussion on Facebook groups about the law, applicants from various countries reported seeing their country of origin changed to Afghanistan — the first in the alphabetical list of the world’s countries.

Since the law went into effect, Spain has naturalized at least 8,300 applicants, with many more applications awaiting processing.

Portugal, which passed its law of return for descendants of Sephardic Jews shortly before Spain, has naturalized about 10,000 applicants.

The application window in the Spanish law expires next month. The Portuguese law is open ended.

Both governments said the legislation was to atone for the Inquisition, a wave of persecution that began in 1492.

Source: Glitch ‘approves’ Sephardic requests for Spanish citizenship

Ethnic media election coverage 1-7 September

Latest weekly analysis of ethnic media coverage. For the analytical narrative, go to Ethnic media election coverage 1-7 September

Singh promises bump to Quebec’s immigration funds to address labour shortage

Sigh. Quebec already receives about 40 percent of settlement funding and only received about 16 percent of immigrants in 2018:

NDP Leader Jagmeet Singh says his government would give a boost to Quebec’s immigration funding to help prepare immigrants to fill the province’s labour shortage.

At an announcement in Drummondville, Que., on Saturday, Singh promised to increase the federal immigration transfer payment to Quebec by $73 million per year to improve settlement services for newcomers, if he is elected prime minister.

The province has been dealing with a labour shortage, with more than four per cent of all jobs in Quebec left vacant for four months or longer, according to a Canadian Federation of Independent Business report. That’s roughly 120,000 jobs.

“Quebec is dealing with a serious labour shortage, and needs immigration to help meet the challenge,” said Singh.

“It’s a critical issue.”

The NDP’s platform also commits to bolstering immigration settlement in rural areas of Quebec. Many immigrants arrive in Quebec with no French language skills, which affects their ability to work in the province. Singh said that a funding increase from an NDP government would help to target those language barriers.

Quebec will already receive $25.5 billion from Ottawa this fiscal year in the form equalization payments and health and social transfers. In the 2017-2018 fiscal year, $490 million was allocated for immigration supports.

But the provincial government isn’t completely sold on the idea of increasing immigration.

Leaning on temporary foreign workers

The CAQ government intends to accept around 20 per cent fewer immigrants this year, or 40,000 instead of the nearly 52,000 accepted last year.

However, Premier François Legault said temporary foreign workers can counter the shortage.

His government recently launched a $21-million plan to make it simpler for smaller businesses to recruit foreigners. It includes subsidizing recruitment missions by Quebec companies overseas and offering to cover $1,000 in moving expenses for the workers.

The province also announced $34 million for measures aimed at better integrating immigrants into the workforce.

Source: Singh promises bump to Quebec’s immigration funds to address labour shortage

Robert Falconer: The open society, Canada’s best response to immigration

Good response to the pulled back op-ed “Ethnic diversity harms a country’s social trust, economic well-being, argues professor.”

The world is experiencing the largest displacement and movement of people of any period since the Second World War.

Canada is not immune to these flows. Almost one in four people living here were born outside Canada, with one million more arriving in the next three years.

We recently passed our neighbour to the south in resettling more refugees than any other country in the world, mostly due to vast reductions in refugee admissions under the Trump Administration, but also in part due to increased resettlement under Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.

Since 2017, approximately 150,000 asylum seekers have claimed protection in Canada, many of whom crossed the border to do so. Under these conditions, questions by Canadians are to be expected.

Some questions will be raised by bad actors. These individuals will not be satisfied by reasonable answers or potential solutions on the issue of immigration or asylum in Canada.

A few of these may stoke fears or unfounded claims about newcomers. Many more Canadians, however, have genuine concerns, worries, or fears about the arrival of newcomers to their communities.

They do not have animosity toward individual immigrants, but they may have concerns regarding border security, the integrity of Canada’s immigration system, or the values and beliefs immigrants bring with them to Canada.

It is this group that policy-makers, academics and journalists should address with open ears, facts, and ideas. Some of these include addressing the following on immigrant integration and social cohesion.

Defining integration is difficult, but some common measures include immigrant official language capability, sense of belonging to Canada, and the adoption of Canadian norms and values. By these measures, Canada is wildly successful at integrating its newcomer population.

The 2016 census showed that approximately 93 per cent of all immigrants in Canada can speak English or French. The census also showed that the majority of immigrants choose to speak English or French in the home.

This high number might surprise some, but it should be noted that official language capability is one of the selection criteria for immigrants seeking to move to Canada.

Official language capability is also one of the citizenship requirements — with the exception of the very old and the very young. Even more fundamentally, there is a workplace advantage that comes with speaking either language.

Official language capability and citizenship requirements may not be relevant if only a few immigrants became citizens, but at approximately 85 per cent Canada has one of the highest naturalizations rates in the world. The United States sits in the mid-40 per cent range.

This means the vast majority of immigrants will, at some point, pass a language test and successfully answer questions on Canadian history, culture and values, culminating in the oath of citizenship to Canada’s Queen, its laws, and the duties associated with citizenship.

Immigrants also tend to show high levels of belonging and civic pride in Canada. Researchers at Statistics Canada found that 93 per cent of newcomers have a strong or very strong sense of belonging to Canada. Some of these (24 per cent) show an affinity only for Canada, while more feel a sense of belonging to Canada and their home country (69 per cent). Only three per cent feel a higher level of attachment to their home country.

When broken down by pride in specific symbols or institutions, such as the Canadian flag, Parliament, or even hockey, immigrants placed greater or equal importance in these than natural born Canadians.

This makes intuitive sense when considering why immigrants choose Canada. Alex Nowrasteh of the Cato Institute has pointed out that most immigrants self-select, meaning that those who are most dissatisfied with Chinese communism, the Ayatollah, or Venezuelan socialism are the most likely to leave, and the least likely to bring those values with them. They choose Canada because they identify with the norms and values that make Canada.

That is not to say there aren’t issues. Canada is struggling to process a backlog of 75,000 plus asylum seekers, many of whom will have less than well-founded claims of persecution. That speaks to a processing issue at the federal level, rather than an issue with immigrant integration in Canada.

A backed-up system is more likely to attract those with unfounded fears of persecution. The solution is not to stigmatize newcomers, but to ensure that our immigration and asylum systems remain “fast, fair and final,” able to process claims in a timelier manner.

For those who are already here, Canada’s best tool for integrating them is open access to our political system and jobs market.

Some have cited Alberto Alesina’s work on fragmentation, the idea that greater population diversity is associated with social strife. This is true in countries with weak democracies and restricted labour markets, where the political and economic systems favour a select few.

Alesina’s subsequent works have shown that diverse populations reap economic benefits and remain relatively cohesive when everyone has a fair shot at becoming an MP or getting a job. Open societies enjoy strong trade relationships with other countries, a diversity in goods and services, and stronger workforces. Under these settings the work of integration takes care of itself, with newcomers and their children identifying with Canada and its values.

In that light, the work of integrating newcomers within the fabric of Canada is less about exclusion, and more about maintaining, celebrating, and safeguarding Canadian institutions, entrepreneurship, and our open society.

Source: Robert Falconer: The open society, Canada’s best response to immigration

Sudan Invites Jews Back To Country To ‘Enjoy Citizenship’

Unlikely many will for social and economic reasons:

Members of Sudan’s Jewish community who had left the country in previous years were free to return and “enjoy citizenship” like other ethnic groups, Minister of Religious Affairs Nasr-Eddin Mofarah said on Friday.

Speaking to Al Arabiya TV, the newly appointed minister said Sudan was welcoming of diverse ideas, values, cultures and “intellectual persuasions.”

He even added that the Muslim-majority country was welcoming of other religions, citing the number of Christians and Jews who still lived in the country and those who might have left.

“I urge them (Jews) from this platform to return to Sudan and recover their right to naturalization and citizenship because Sudan is a civil state where citizenship is the source of all rights and duties. We also have other religions and faiths embraced by different people,” he said.

The announcement came after Sudan’s Prime Minister Abdalla Hamdok announced his Cabinet on Thursday, the first since former President Omar Bashir was ousted in April.

The Cabinet includes Asmaa Abdalla, Sudan’s first woman foreign minister, and a former World Bank economist. Hamdok also picked women to lead the Sports and Youth Ministry, the High Education Ministry, and the Labor and Social Development Ministry.

The new Cabinet has come about as part of a power-sharing agreement between the military and pro-democracy demonstrators, following pressure from the US and its Arab allies amid growing concerns the political crisis could ignite a new civil war.

Mofarah said Islam had been a peaceful part of Sudanese life for centuries, and had not been introduced through violence or conflict.

He also stressed the importance of religious tolerance in the post-Bashir era.

“Religious tolerance has also been given a significant importance in the Holy Qur’an, in which Muslims have been urged to accept and respect other religions and live in peace with them,” Mofarah said.

“This constitutes a clear call for the Sudanese to live according to the saying ‘you have your religion and I have mine,’ as long as there is no infighting, sedition or wars and as long as people interact,” the minister added.

“The issue of peace, tolerance, loyalty and resilience is one of the indicators that will allow us to build this nation on new foundations, centered around freedom, justice, equality and noble moral values,” he said.

Sudan’s power-sharing deal calls for the government to reach a peace agreement with the rebels within six months.

Source: Sudan Invites Jews Back To Country To ‘Enjoy Citizenship’

As they build India’s first camp for illegals, some workers fear detention there

The ongoing effects of the Modi government’s citizenship registry in Assam, India:

Across a river in a remote part of India’s northeast, laborers have cleared dense forest in an area equivalent to about seven soccer fields and are building the first mass detention center for illegal immigrants.

Shefali Hajong, a labourer whose name is excluded from the final list of the National Register of Citizens (NRC), poses for a picture at the site of an under-construction detention centre for illegal immigrants at a village in Goalpara district in the northeastern state of Assam, India, September 1, 2019. REUTERS/Anuwar Hazarika

The camp in the lush, tea-growing state of Assam is intended for at least 3,000 detainees. It will also have a school, a hospital, a recreation area and quarters for security forces – as well as a high boundary wall and watchtowers, according to Reuters interviews with workers and contractors at the site and a review of copies of its layout plans.

Some of the workers building the camp said they were not on a citizenship list Assam released last week as part of a drive to detect illegal immigrants. That means the workers could themselves end up in detention.

Shefali Hajong, a gaunt tribal woman from a nearby village, said she was not on the list and will join nearly two million people who need to prove they are Indian citizens by producing documents such as birth and land ownership certificates dating back decades.

If they fail to do so, they risk being taken to detention camps like the one being built. The government says there are hundreds of thousands of illegal immigrants in Assam from neighboring Muslim-majority Bangladesh, but Dhaka has refused to accept anyone declared an illegal immigrant in India.

Shefali, who belongs to the indigenous Hajong tribe, said she was tense because of the situation.

“But I need to fill my stomach,” she said in the local Assamese dialect as she used a hoe to feed stones into a concrete mixer. She and other workers make about $4 a day, which is considered a decent wage in the impoverished area.

She said she didn’t know her exact age and believed it was about 26, adding that she did not know why she wasn’t on the citizenship list. “We don’t have birth certificates,” said her mother, Malati Hajong, also working at the site.

The camp, near the town of Goalpara, is the first of at least ten detention centers Assam has planned, according to local media reports.

“People have been coming here every other day from nearby villages asking for work,” said Shafikul Haq, a contractor in charge of building a large cooking area in the camp.

The mammoth Supreme Court-ordered exercise to document Assam’s citizens has been strongly backed by Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s Hindu nationalist government that came to power in New Delhi five years ago. Critics say the campaign is aimed at Muslims, even those who have lived legally in India for decades.

Many Hindus, mostly poor and ill-educated, are also not on the citizenship list released last week.

BRINK OF CRISIS

“Assam is on the brink of a crisis which would not only lead to a loss of nationality and liberty of a large group of people but also erosion of their basic rights – severely affecting the lives of generations to come,” Amnesty said in a statement.

India’s foreign minister has called the citizenship verification exercise an “internal matter”. An Indian foreign ministry spokesman said those not in Assam’s citizenship roster “will not be detained and will continue to enjoy all the rights as before till they have exhausted all the remedies available under the law.”

The federal government and the local Assam government did not respond to questions about the camps.

From Goalpara town, the camp being built is reached by a leafy, narrow road dotted with coconut trees. A shaky wooden bridge takes vehicles across a small river to the site, overlooked by a cluster of rubber trees.

Government guidelines for detention camps released earlier this year include building a boundary wall at least 10 feet (3 meters) high and ringed with barbed wire, local media reports said.

A red-painted boundary wall encircles the new camp at Goalpara, and green fields and mountains are visible beyond two watchtowers and quarters for security forces built behind it.

The camp will have separate living facilities for men and women, according to workers and contractors.

A.K. Rashid, another contractor, said he is building six of what would be around 17 buildings with detention rooms of around 350 square feet (32.5 square meters) each. Each of the buildings he is making will have 24 rooms, he said, adding drains for sewage were being built along the boundary walls of the center.

G. Kishan Reddy, a federal government official, told parliament in July that the government had published guidelines for detention centers which stipulate the construction of basic amenities like electricity, drinking water, hygiene, accommodation with beds, sufficient toilets with running water, communication facilities and kitchens.

“Special attention is to be given to women/nursing mothers, children,” he said. “Children lodged in detention centers are to be provided educational facilities in nearby local schools.”

WORSE THAN PRISONERS

A senior police officer who declined to be named said the camp would initially be used to house the roughly 900 illegal immigrants who are held at detention facilities in Assam jails.

A group from India’s National Human Rights Commission that visited two of those facilities last year said the immigrant detainees there were in some ways “deprived even of the rights of convicted prisoners”.

India’s top court is hearing a petition for their release.

At the camp site, another woman laborer, 35-year-old Sarojini Hajong, said she wasn’t on the citizenship list either and didn’t have a birth certificate.

“Of course we are scared about what will happen,” she said.

“But what can we do? I need the money.”

Source: As they build India’s first camp for illegals, some workers fear detention there

Laïcité: une campagne contre la loi 21 est lancée

Of note:

Le lancement a eu lieu à Montréal dans un lieu de culte protestant, soit l’église unie Saint-James.

Ehab Lotayef, l’un des coordonnateurs de la campagne, qui est de confession musulmane, avait une kippa sur la tête, une calotte portée traditionnellement par les juifs.

« Je vais la porter tout le mois de septembre », a-t-il affirmé.

Cette loi a peut-être été adoptée, mais c’est une loi injuste, a-t-il lancé près de l’autel de l’église. Pour les opposants, elle viole la Charte des droits et libertés et limite les possibilités d’emploi de personnes sur la base de leur religion. « On ne va pas juste l’accepter. »

La Loi sur la laïcité de l’État — connue avant son adoption comme le projet de loi 21 — interdit le port de signes religieux à certains employés de l’État lorsqu’ils sont dans l’exercice de leurs fonctions, dont les policiers, procureurs de la Couronne et gardiens de prison, ainsi qu’aux enseignants des écoles publiques du primaire et du secondaire.

Une enseignante d’origine tunisienne portant le voile, qui n’a révélé que son prénom, Ola, a témoigné qu’après une année extraordinaire dans une école primaire publique de Montréal, elle a frappé un mur pour l’année scolaire en cours. Comme elle n’est pas une employée permanente, si elle accepte un contrat pour cette année, elle devra signer une clause selon laquelle elle s’engage à ne pas porter de signe religieux dans la salle de classe, a-t-elle déclaré. Pour elle, cela signifie enlever son voile.

« Cette loi vient me priver de mes droits, d’être une femme libre, capable de décider où travailler, que porter. Personnellement, je ne vois pas ce que cette loi va apporter de plus ou de mieux à la société québécoise », a-t-elle dit.

« Sauf la tension sociale que je sens et que je vois. Et que je vis. »

Elle a souligné qu’il lui a été difficile de témoigner, se disant déstabilisée par les commentaires « inacceptables » qu’elle voit sur les réseaux sociaux.

Selon le rabbin Michael Whitman, « les effets négatifs de cette loi iront bien au-delà des personnes qui sont directement touchées […]. Elle a donné la permission à l’incivilité. »

Les membres du groupe de citoyens invitent les Québécois à porter les macarons qu’ils ont fait produire en grande quantité et qu’ils distribuent librement. Sur ceux-ci, on peut voir les mots « Loi 21 », barrés d’une ligne rouge. Porter le macaron montre publiquement son opposition à la mesure législative du gouvernement caquiste et le soutien à ceux « dont les droits sont niés par cette loi discriminatoire », font-ils valoir.

Leur but est de rassembler d’ici le 6 octobre quelque 50 000 personnes portant le macaron et le signe religieux de leur choix, qui participeront ce jour-là à une journée d’action publique. Ils veulent aussi générer une discussion sur la loi et changer l’avis de ceux qui la soutiennent.

Lors du lancement jeudi, des représentants de différentes communautés religieuses étaient présents.

La Loi sur la laïcité de l’État a été adoptée en juin dernier par l’Assemblée nationale.

Ce fut un jour très triste, selon Manjit Singh, de confession sikhe, qui a été dans le passé l’aumônier de l’Université McGill à Montréal.

« Nous sommes venus ici légalement, et soudainement, parce que nous avons quelque chose sur la tête, ce n’est plus acceptable désormais », a-t-il déploré.

Et cela ruine la vie des gens, a ajouté l’homme.

Leur opposition civile à la loi se fait de façon parallèle à la contestation judiciaire qui est en cours, ont-ils affirmé.

À la mi-juillet, un juge de la Cour supérieure a rejeté la demande de groupes de défense des libertés civiles et religieuses qui réclamaient la suspension de la Loi sur la laïcité de l’État. Le juge Michel Yergeau avait alors tranché que la loi continuerait de s’appliquer jusqu’à ce qu’un tribunal se prononce sur le fond de l’affaire. Car le but ultime de ces groupes est de faire invalider cette mesure législative. En août, la Cour d’appel du Québec a accepté de se pencher sur la demande d’injonction.

Source: Laïcité: une campagne contre la loi 21 est lancée

South African Riots Over ‘Xenophobia’ Prompt Backlash Across Africa

Depressing reality, encouraging response:

Pop stars have announced a boycott. Air Tanzania has suspended flights to Johannesburg. Madagascar and Zambia are refusing to send their soccer teams. Nigeria has recalled its ambassador and pulled out of a major economic forum.

South Africa is facing a backlash after rioters in and around Johannesburg targeted immigrants from other African countries this week, torching their shops and leading to at least 10 deaths. Now, angry citizens and governments across the continent are lashing out at South Africa and its businesses, denouncing what they call “xenophobia.”

Africans across the continent once rallied behind South Africans in their struggle to defeat the apartheid government, which was finally replaced in elections held 25 years ago. Now, some Africans find themselves in the unfamiliar position of protesting the actions of the same communities in South Africa that they once stood with in solidarity.

“The only time we’ve seen this type of cooperation of African countries in terms of backlash,” said Tunde Leye, a partner at the Nigerian political research firm SBM Intelligence, “was in terms of support of the anti-apartheid movement.”

The current level of political solidarity on the continent, he said, was “almost unprecedented.”

The riots, and the retaliatory measures, could not come at a more inopportune time for regional cooperation. This week, African leaders are meeting in Cape Town, South Africa, to discuss the African Continental Free Trade Area, an agreement made this year that sets the stage for the creation of the largest free-trade area in the world. It would join Africa’s more than one billion consumers into a single market.

The conflict, while not likely to imperil the free trade agreement, could at least slow its implementation, which is expected to take years, African analysts said.

Nigeria’s government, angry that its citizens have been victimized in the South African riots, has pulled out of the Cape Town meeting.

Nigeria is the continent’s largest economy, and South Africa is the second-largest. Both countries were already reluctant participants in the accord, which is supposed to help knock down the many barriers to trade among African countries.

Anti-immigrant sentiment is a longstanding issue in South Africa, where the legacies of colonialism and apartheid run deep, and a political shift has not delivered meaningful change to many poor South Africans. Immigrants from countries like Nigeria, Mozambique, Somalia and Zimbabwe are often regarded by South Africans as competitors for jobs and social services.

In South Africa, attacks on foreigners have become common, and they surged beginning Sunday when rioters stormed neighborhoods in and around Johannesburg, lighting fires and breaking into shops.

At least 10 people have died in the riots, President Cyril Ramaphosa said in a video address on Thursday, in which he also condemned the violence.

“There can be no excuse for the attacks on the homes and businesses of foreign nationals,” he said. “Equally, there is no justification for the looting and destruction of businesses owned by South Africans.”

In Gauteng, the province that includes Johannesburg, authorities have arrested at least 423 people, said Colonel Lungelo Dlamini, a police spokesman. On Thursday, he said that many shops owned by foreigners remained closed and that more shopping centers in the eastern part of the province “are being targeted.”

Police seized guns, he said, not just from South Africans, but also from at least two foreign nationals.

The rolling backlash has united broad swaths of the continent. Two popular Nigerian musicians, Burna Boy and Tiwa Savage, said they were boycotting South Africa. Burna Boy was set to headline the Afropunk festival in Johannesburg in December, alongside artists like Solange Knowles. Tiwa Savage had an appearance in South Africa scheduled for mid-September.

On Tuesday and Wednesday, protesters rushed and sometimes looted South African-owned businesses in Nigeria and Zambia, including Shoprite supermarkets. The company closed stores. The South African telecommunications giant MTN did the same.

On Thursday, the protests spread to the Democratic Republic of Congo, where demonstrators outside of the South African Embassy in Kinshasa held signs that read “Don’t kill our brothers” and “No xenophobia.” In Lubumbashi, they broke windows at the South African Consulate.

Nigeria recalled its ambassador to South Africa. South Africa has shuttered its diplomatic missions in Nigeria, citing threats.

The clashes cast a cloud over the World Economic Forum in Africa, which began in Cape Town on Wednesday. Leaders were set to discuss the free trade pact, an agreement signed by 54 countries that supporters have said could reshape economic relationships on the continent.

The accord has the potential to bolster intra-African trade by 52 percent by 2022, according to the United Nations. Right now, intra-African trade accounts for just 16 percent of the continent’s trade volume. It can be cheaper to ship something from Nigeria to Europe, and then to Senegal, rather than directly from Nigeria to Senegal. This is a major barrier to regional development, economists say.

Still, a host of challenges await before the pact is put in place.

African analysts differed on whether Nigeria’s decision to skip the Cape Town meeting would have any effect in the long term.

Gilbert Khadiagala, a Kenyan professor of international relations at the University of Witwatersrand in Johannesburg, said Nigeria’s move was little more than “grandstanding,” and that would not impede the trade agreement.

But Mr. Leye, of SBM Intelligence in Nigeria, said that in his view, Nigeria’s boycott of the Forum “will have an impact in terms of the pace of implementation.”

Source: South African Anti-Immigrant Riots Prompt Backlash