The Show Begins: Quebec secular charter hearings set to begin

Lots of coverage on the start of the Quebec hearings and will continue to post the more interesting articles. First, some basic background (Quebec secular charter hearings set to begin – Montreal – CBC News).

More interestingly, the sequence of  witnesses appears to favour those in favour of the Charter at the beginning. Feels similar to the Bouchard-Taylor Commission, which started its hearings in the regions, with witnesses strongly against accommodation, with the tone shifting as the hearings moved to urban areas like Montreal. Not sure if this is a wise strategy (for proponents of the Charter) given that people may remember the last submissions, more negative on the Charter, more than the first series, but we shall see:

Un début à l’avantage du gouvernement

Minister Drainville states that the government can count of the support of many Liberal party members. This may well be true, but there is also a lot of opposition among sovereignist ranks, so the net effect may balance out (Drainville dit pouvoir compter sur l’appui de militants libéraux). No signs of flexibility as the PQ government continues to dig in its heels (​Drainville: l’interdiction des signes religieux n’est pas négociable).

Lisée, la Charte et les États-Unis Commentary

Good piece by Richard Hétu of La Presse, systematically taking apart the false logic and counterproductive messaging of Quebec Ministers in the New York Times, the latest of course Jean-François Lisée’ piece (Quebec’s Latest Stand). But even Hétu in noting Lisée’s comments on Cameron and Merkel’s comments on multiculturalism is unaware of just how much both have moved in terms of practical policies to improve integration (Baroness Warsi’s ongoing engagement with Muslim and other communities, Merkel’s efforts with the Turkish community and opening up dual citizenship):

Il y a lieu de se demander si le ministre québécois n\’a pas brouillé son propre message dans sa plus récente intervention américaine. Après tout, aux États-Unis, le rejet du multiculturalisme est aujourd\’hui surtout associé à la droite populiste, comme l\’a exprimé récemment Andrea Tantaros, commentatrice de la chaîne Fox News.

«Les élites croient au multiculturalisme, elles croient en la diversité. Le Tea Party croit au patriotisme», a-t-elle dit.

Lisée, la Charte et les États-Unis | Richard Hétu, Collaboration spéciale | États-Unis.

In English language media, Graeme Hamilton of the National Post makes similar points in PQ minister twists facts to defend Values Charter and The Toronto Star has an overview of some of the recent developments (Parliamentary hearings on Quebec’s values charter could ignite secularism nationwide, PQ says). Don Macpherson of The Gazette notes correctly that the PQ is practising Dog-whistle politics.

Charter fuels stereotyping, tension: poll

More on the Charter as the hearings begin. First, the latest poll showing the same divisions of support between francophones and non-francophones. More interesting is the impact of the proposed Charter:

Fifty-three per cent of people polled, including 49 per cent of francophones and 69 per cent of people from other linguistic groups — said they believed relations between communities have already deteriorated since the debate over the charter of values began.

Forty-nine per cent of people polled said they believe adoption of the charter will give rise to civil disobedience in public institutions.

Roughly half of those polled said they believe there has already been an increase in stereotyping against religious minorities. Fifty-seven per cent of people polled — including 80 per cent of non-francophones — said they believe Quebec’s Jews, Muslims and Sikhs should have an equal say to other groups in discussions about the charter.

Support for the charter was higher among manual labourers, retired people and people with incomes of $60,000 to $100,000 than it was for young adults, students and homemakers.

Charter fuels stereotyping, tension: poll.

A good overview of organizations in favour and opposing the Charter, and the related politics and political strategy by Chantal Hébert of The Star:

Get ready for Quebec values charter debate replay: Hébert

York U Accommodation: Quebec and Other Commentary

More on the York University accommodation case.

No surprise, but Minister Drainville tries to portray Quebec as ahead of the curve, and that similar debates over approaches will occur in English Canada. He misses the point: debate over what is reasonable will always occur, the question is whether, and how far, one can codify this or handle issues on a case-by-case basis, subject to laws, regulations, and values. Ontario rejected sharia (and other faith-based) religious tribunals and funding for faith-based schools. While the risk of ad hoc case-by-case approaches is that sometimes administrators will get it wrong (as did York), government charters will likely get it more wrong, impacting more people, as the QC charter indicates.

Religious rights controversy will spread across Canada, PQ minister warns – The Globe and Mail.

Drainville also has an interview stating that the Charter is an indispensable tool to against fundamentalism. But why such a broad approach if it is really the small percentage of fundamentalists in all religions?

Charte de la laïcité: «Indispensable» contre l’intégrisme

Andrew Coyne reminds us that judgement, not trying to codify everything, is a better approach. Professor Grayson exercised good judgement, York U administration did not, particularly given that part of their mission statement includes:

A community of faculty, students, staff, alumni and volunteers committed to academic freedom, social justice, accessible education, and collegial self-governance, York University makes innovation its tradition.

York accommodation and Quebec values charter aren’t opposites, in fact they are the same

The Globe editorial, while raising some valid points (the sky is not falling over this request) and ends up on the correct note, nevertheless views this as a complex case, in addition to slamming Justice Minister MacKay for his jingoistic – but correct – response:

What has been overlooked to some degree is the fact that, when the student was initially turned down, he accepted the decision and agreed to attend the online course’s group session. York officials were right to reconsider the student’s request after the professor’s refusal. Their decision to accommodate him, on the grounds that the course is online, is not something we support, but it’s not inherently objectionable – especially because the school implied it would not have made the same decision if the request had come from a student taking a regular, in-class course. This is a hard case, on which reasonable people can and do disagree. What cannot be in dispute is this: York’s decision is not a slippery slope leading to segregated classrooms.

Reasonable accommodation at York is not a slippery slope 

La démagogie au pouvoir | Gérard Bouchard

The strongest condemnation of the Quebec Charter of Values to date, by Gérard Bouchard. Says it all:

Pour ce qui est de la connaissance du terrain, on s’en remet aux perceptions courantes plutôt qu’aux études rigoureuses. En matière de suppression des droits, on s’appuie sur le précédent créé par trois ou quatre pays ou régions d’Europe en faisant abstraction de toutes les démocraties du monde qui ont choisi de respecter les libertés, y compris en Europe même. Et on évite soigneusement de parler des traités de droit internationaux auxquels le Québec est assujetti.

Il fallait que tout cela survienne dans le grand parti que fut celui de René Lévesque, si soucieux des droits et de la démocratie, si attaché à la transparence, et dont l’héritage a été fidèlement perpétué par des générations de politiciens et politiciennes, jusqu’à ce qu’il soit perverti par nos actuels dirigeants. C’est triste.

La démagogie au pouvoir | Gérard Bouchard | Votre opinion.

An illustration of demagoguery in action see this op-ed by Jean-François Lisée, Quebec minister for the Montreal area and for international affairs. As always, striking that the model referred to is always European, rather than North American, despite Europe largely failing at integration, and the usual caricature of multiculturalism:

Quebec’s Latest Stand

As well as a further illustration of the absence of evidence-based policy and program work, no studies on the potential impact on the education sector:

Charte: Québec ignore l’avis d’un comité du milieu de l’éducation

Freedom of conscience and the Charter of Quebec Values » Institute for Research on Public Policy

Good piece by Jocelyn Maclure of Université de Laval on the Charter and freedom of conscience:

The analogy with political symbols does not succeed in justifying restrictions on freedom of religion or equal access to job opportunities in the public and parapublic sectors. Our civil and political rights safeguard our basic political interests, while freedom of conscience and religion protects the religious and secular convictions and commitments that endow human life with meaning. We can rightly be proud that our democratic institutions properly uphold both these rights and freedoms.

Freedom of conscience and the Charter of Quebec Values » Institute for Research on Public Policy.

Apologie de la charte autour d’une dinde | Le Devoir

While this is fairly standard stuff for political parties to do for controversial initiatives, the responses indicate just how much the PQ government is digging in to the identity politics behind the Charter:

De même, si la parenté s’inquiète parce qu’on « passe pour des racistes partout dans le monde », il serait bien de répondre que « c’est faux ! », conseille le PQ. « Nous sommes loin d’être les premiers à vouloir affirmer la séparation des religions et de l’État », dit-on en parlant des cas de la France, de la Belgique et de l’Allemagne.

On propose aussi des réponses possibles si quelqu’un dit que « la charte, ça fait juste diviser tout le monde ». Le PQ suggère de répondre qu’au « moment de son adoption, la loi 101 a été décriée par plusieurs » et qu’elle fait aujourd’hui objet d’un consensus. La « charte des valeurs québécoises [le premier nom de ce qui est devenu la « Charte affirmant les valeurs de laïcité et de neutralité religieuse de l’État ainsi que d’égalité entre les femmes et les hommes et encadrant les demandes d’accommodement »] s’inspire de la même logique », dit-on.

—–

Since it was unveiled by the PQ government of Pauline Marois this year, the Charter has proven so divisive that most Quebec families would probably choose to talk about anything else at festive gatherings. As a general rule, politics and religion are off the table at Christmastime.

However, the party thought it would be a good idea to arm its members with ready arguments in case the hot topic comes up. Sylvain Tanguay, the director general of the PQ, said in an interview on Tuesday that the holiday guide was emailed to more than 10,000 members last Friday.

“It’s simply a synthesis of all the arguments and questions that came up during the fall,” Mr. Tanguay said. He referred to it as an end-of-year “memory aid” and said it was penned by the party’s communications team in Montreal.

The guide’s talking points unwittingly expose all the targets of the Charter’s many critics. For example, the document says that if a family member asks: “Why ban religious signs for all State employees?” the respondent should say that civil servants are already prevented from displaying their political views on the job (it does not mention that political allegiances are a choice, unlike religious affiliations).

Apologie de la charte autour d’une dinde | Le Devoir.

PQ releases self-help holiday guide to defending Quebec values charter

Talking points for the PQ faithful

The hearings on the Charter start 14 January with some 200 submissions, meaning that the hearings will last up to three months. It will be interesting to see how the balance of views compares to the Bouchard-Taylor Commission, with the additional difference that it will be the PQ government pressing ahead rather than independent commissioners writing a report:

Charte: au moins 200 heures d’audiences

Le vrai débat sur la laïcité débutera le 14 janvier | Politique québécoise

And from the academics, 60 professors, including many of the leading experts on diversity-related issues (e.g., Jocelyn Maclure, Daniel Weinstock). Of particular interest is the response to Roger Tassé, one of the federal officials involved in the drafting of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms:

« Je [Sébastien Grammond] comprends que Roger Tassé puisse dire que les tribunaux ont interprété la Charte différemment de ce qu’il avait pensé à l’époque. Mais un texte juridique, c’est comme un texte littéraire : une fois qu’il est écrit, l’auteur en perd le contrôle », ajoute le professeur.

Soixante professeurs contre la Charte

Liberals’ Quebec charter would combat religious extremism, Couillard says

The Liberal Party of Quebec response to the Charter are unspecified initiatives to combat religious extremism. Will be interesting to see the details:

“To those who come here and take advantage of our freedoms and democracy to then attack them and ultimately destroy them, we are saying loud and clear: ‘You are not welcome here, we will fight you, we will go after you,’ ” Mr. Couillard said …

« À ceux qui viennent chez nous pour profiter de nos libertés et de notre démocratie pour ensuite s’y attaquer et ultimement les détruire, nous disons haut et fort : vous n’êtes pas les bienvenus chez nous, nous vous combattrons, nous vous poursuivrons sans relâche. »

Liberals’ Quebec charter would combat religious extremism, Couillard says – The Globe and Mail.

Couillard veut débarrasser le Québec des intégristes religieux | Le Devoir

Maria Mourani: «Je ne suis plus indépendantiste»

Nice to have some recognition of the value of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in Quebec from the former Bloc québécois MP Maria Mourani, who quit the Bloc over their support for the proposed Quebec Charter of Values:

« J’en suis arrivée à la conclusion que mon appartenance au Canada, avec notamment la Charte canadienne des droits et libertés, protège mieux l’identité québécoise de toutes les citoyennes et de tous les citoyens du Québec, écrit-elle dans une lettre. Je ne suis plus indépendantiste. »

Maria Mourani: «Je ne suis plus indépendantiste» | MARTIN CROTEAU | Politique canadienne.

Ex-Bloc MP Maria Mourani says she is no longer a sovereigntist – Politics – CBC News

French President Hollande tells Marois secularism eases social tensions

No surprise, as Quebec has always been influenced by French debates on accommodation and laicité, notwithstanding the very different histories and context of Quebec and France. France has had similar regulations to the proposed Charter since 2004 and there is ongoing debate over their effectiveness, not to mention the overall weakness of France’s integration of other communities, particularly Muslims.

French President Hollande tells Marois secularism eases social tensions – Need to know – Macleans.ca.

Hollande vante la laïcité proposée par Marois