David | Le creuset québécois

Some Quebec reaction to the CAQ integration and interculturalisme proposals and the reference to a Quebec melting pot along with Premier Legault:

Tant pis pour le premier ministre Legault, qui a manqué « un moment solennel dans l’histoire du Québec », au dire du ministre de l’Immigration, de la Langue française et de l’Intégration, Jean-François Roberge.

Plutôt que d’assister à la présentation du projet de loi sur le nouveau « modèle d’intégration nationale », que M. Roberge estime être LE projet de la session parlementaire, M. Legault a préféré se rendre sur la Côte-Nord, où il a senti le besoin de parler de Donald Trump. Allez donc savoir pourquoi !

Depuis que la Coalition avenir Québec (CAQ) est au pouvoir, on a perdu le compte de ces moments solennels, voire historiques, où se joue le sort de la nation. Le premier ministre s’est peut-être dit qu’il avait le luxe de sauter un tour.

De mémoire, c’est néanmoins la première fois qu’un projet de loi évoque le « creuset » québécois, ce qui est la traduction française du légendaire melting-pot américain. Cela traduit une volonté d’intégration plus poussée que l’« interculturalisme » recommandé par le rapport Bouchard-Taylor.

Il est assurément souhaitable que l’ensemble de la société québécoise conjugue ses efforts pour favoriser une meilleure intégration des nouveaux arrivants et qu’une loi vienne les encadrer. Les Québécois n’en demeurent pas moins les premiers responsables de la pérennité d’une nation de langue et de culture françaises. Le désir d’intégration des immigrants sera fonction de notre propre détermination.

Il faudra attendre au moins 18 mois avant de voir la « politique nationale d’intégration » qui doit rendre le nouveau modèle opérationnel. À cette date, le Québec sera à la veille de la campagne électorale, de sorte que cette politique pourrait bien ne jamais être appliquée. Tout comme le projet de constitution québécoise auquel s’affaire Simon Jolin-Barrette, elle semble plutôt destinée à alimenter le discours de la CAQ.

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L’idée d’un « contrat social » entre l’État et les immigrants n’est pas nouvelle. On l’avait évoqué lors des États généraux du Canada français à la fin des années 1960. Elle avait été reprise 25 ans plus tard par la ministre de l’Immigration dans le gouvernement Bourassa, Monique Gagnon-Tremblay, qui y voyait déjà le « garant d’une intégration réussie ».

En 1994, on avait ridiculisé le « contrat moral » proposé par l’Action démocratique du Québec, par lequel les immigrants devraient s’engager à « vivre et à travailler en français », mais il a néanmoins inspiré la « Déclaration d’adhésion aux valeurs communes » introduite par la libérale Yolande James en 2008 et le « test des valeurs » imposé par la CAQ en 2019.

La nouveauté du modèle proposé par M. Roberge consiste à étendre le contrat aux institutions et aux organismes qui relèvent du gouvernement (municipalités, universités, écoles, hôpitaux…), de même que les bénéficiaires de subventions, dont le financement pourrait être coupé s’ils ne contribuent pas à l’intégration de façon satisfaisante.

C’est là que les choses risquent de se compliquer. Pour mettre en valeur la diversité tout en faisant la promotion d’un tronc culturel commun, faudrait-il inclure des artistes québécois dans la programmation des Nuits d’Afrique ou mettre la poutine au menu des festivals gastronomiques qui célèbrent les cuisines étrangères ?

Comment la conformité aux objectifs d’intégration sera-t-elle évaluée ? Les fonctionnaires ont la fâcheuse habitude d’appliquer avec zèle les directives qu’on leur donne. Certains ont conservé un très mauvais souvenir de la défunte Commission de protection de la langue française. Faudra-t-il créer une « police des festivals », comme l’a demandé la co-porte-parole de Québec solidaire, Ruba Ghazal ?

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Rouvrir les classes de francisation qui ont été fermées au cours des derniers mois serait certainement un bon début, mais M. Roberge fait partie de ceux qui pensent que les compressions budgétaires n’existent que dans l’esprit de gens qui ne comprennent rien à la comptabilité. À en croire le gouvernement, plus on investit en éducation ou en santé, plus il faut supprimer des postes.

Comme chacun sait, le Québec est le seul endroit en Amérique du Nord où le racisme systémique n’existe pas, même si les immigrants sont quotidiennement victimes de comportements racistes, que ce soit au travail, dans la rue, quand ils cherchent un logement, postulent un emploi ou ont affaire à la police.

Ils seraient peut-être plus enclins à s’intégrer si on admettait que tout cela ne peut pas être simplement le fait d’individus qui n’ont pas encore compris ou accepté les règles du vivre-ensemble dans une société ouverte et que des mesures vigoureuses étaient prises.

Il y a aussi l’épineuse question des écoles religieuses privées subventionnées, qu’elles soient juives, musulmanes ou autres, qui ne contribuent manifestement pas à l’intégration en endoctrinant systématiquement leurs élèves. M. Roberge reconnaît que cela devrait « faire partie de la réflexion », mais M. Legault a catégoriquement exclu de leur couper les vivres.

Finalement, il aurait peut-être dû être à Québec pour entendre les explications de son ministre.

Source: Chronique | Le creuset québécois

Too bad for Prime Minister Legault, who missed “a solemn moment in the history of Quebec,” according to the Minister of Immigration, the French Language and Integration, Jean-François Roberge.

Rather than attending the presentation of the bill on the new “national integration model”, that Mr. Roberge considers to be THE project of the parliamentary session, Mr. Legault preferred to go to the North Shore, where he felt the need to talk about Donald Trump. Go find out why!

Since the Coalition avenir Québec (CAQ) has been in power, we have lost count of these solemn, even historical, moments when the fate of the nation is at stake. The Prime Minister may have thought he had the luxury of jumping a round.

From memory, it is nevertheless the first time that a bill evokes the Quebec “crucible”, which is the French translation of the legendary American melting pot. This reflects a desire for integration more advanced than the “interculturalism” recommended by the Bouchard-Taylor report.

It is certainly desirable that the whole of Quebec society joins its efforts to promote a better integration of newcomers and that a law will regulate them. Quebecers nevertheless remain the first responsible for the sustainability of a nation of French language and culture. The desire for integration of immigrants will depend on our own determination.

It will take at least 18 months before we see the “national integration policy” that should make the new model operational. On that date, Quebec will be on the eve of the election campaign, so this policy may never be applied. Just like the draft Quebec constitution in which Simon Jolin-Barrette is busy, it seems rather intended to feed the CAQ’s discourse.

The idea of a “social contract” between the state and immigrants is not new. It was mentioned during the States General of French Canada in the late 1960s. It was taken over 25 years later by the Minister of Immigration in the Bourassa government, Monique Gagnon-Tremblay, who already saw it as the “guarantor of successful integration”.

In 1994, the “moral contract” proposed by the Action démocratique du Québec was ridiculed, by which immigrants should commit to “living and working in French”, but it nevertheless inspired the “Declaration of adherence to common values” introduced by the liberal Yolande James in 2008 and the “test of values” imposed by the CAQ in 2019.

The novelty of the model proposed by Mr. Roberge consists of extending the contract to institutions and organizations that fall under the responsibility of the government (municipalities, universities, schools, hospitals, etc.), as well as to beneficiaries of subsidies, whose funding could be cut if they do not contribute to integration satisfactorily.

This is where things may get complicated. To highlight diversity while promoting a common cultural core, should we include Quebec artists in the programming of the Nuits d’Afrique or put poutine on the menu of gastronomic festivals that celebrate foreign cuisines?

How will compliance with the integration objectives be assessed? Officials have the unfortunate habit of zealously applying the directives given to them. Some have kept a very bad memory of the defunct Commission de protection de la langue française. Will it be necessary to create a “festival police”, as requested by the co-spokeswoman of Québec solidaire, Ruba Ghazal?

Reopening the francization classes that have been closed in recent months would certainly be a good start, but Mr. Roberge is one of those who think that budget cuts only exist in the minds of people who don’t understand anything about accounting. According to the government, the more we invest in education or health, the more jobs need to be cut.

As everyone knows, Quebec is the only place in North America where systemic racism does not exist, even if immigrants are victims of racist behavior on a daily basis, whether at work, on the street, when they are looking for housing, applying for a job or dealing with the police.

They might be more inclined to integrate if it were admitted that all this cannot simply be the result of individuals who have not yet understood or accepted the rules of living together in an open society and that vigorous measures were taken.

There is also the thorny question of subsidized private religious schools, whether Jewish, Muslim or otherwise, which clearly do not contribute to integration by systematically indoctrinating their students. Mr. Roberge acknowledges that this should “be part of the reflection”, but Mr. Legault categorically ruled out cutting off their food.

Finally, he might have had to be in Quebec City to hear his minister’s explanations.

Brooks: The Six Principles of Stupidity

Good list:

Principle 1: Ideology produces disagreement, but stupidity produces befuddlement. This week, people in institutions across America spent a couple of days trying to figure out what the hell was going on. This is what happens when a government freezes roughly $3 trillion in spending with a two-page memo that reads like it was written by an intern. When stupidity is in control, the literature professor Patrick Moreau argues, words become unscrewed “from their relation to reality.”

Principle 2: Stupidity often inheres in organizations, not individuals. When you create an organization in which one man has all the power and everybody else has to flatter his preconceptions, then stupidity will surely result. As the German theologian Dietrich Bonhoeffer put it: “This is virtually a sociological-psychological law. The power of the one needs the stupidity of the other.”

Principle 3: People who behave stupidly are more dangerous than people who behave maliciously. Evil people at least have some accurate sense of their own self-interest, which might restrain them. Stupidity dares greatly! Stupidity already has all the answers!

Principle 4: People who behave stupidly are unaware of the stupidity of their actions. You may have heard of the Dunning-Kruger effect, which is that incompetent people don’t have the skills to recognize their own incompetence. Let’s introduce the Hegseth-Gabbard corollary: The Trump administration is attempting to remove civil servants who may or may not be progressive but who have tremendous knowledge in their field of expertise and hire MAGA loyalists who often lack domain knowledge or expertise. The results may not be what the MAGA folks hoped for.

Principle 5: Stupidity is nearly impossible to oppose. Bonhoeffer notes, “Against stupidity we are defenseless.” Because stupid actions do not make sense, they invariably come as a surprise. Reasonable arguments fall on deaf ears. Counter-evidence is brushed aside. Facts are deemed irrelevant. Bonhoeffer continues, “In all this the stupid person, in contrast to the malicious one, is utterly self-satisfied and, being easily irritated, becomes dangerous by going on the attack.”

Principle 6: The opposite of stupidity is not intelligence, it’s rationality. The psychologist Keith Stanovich defines rationality as the capacity to make decisions that help people achieve their objectives. People in the grip of the populist mind-set tend to be contemptuous of experience, prudence and expertise, helpful components of rationality. It turns out that this can make some populists willing to believe anything — conspiracy theories, folk tales and internet legends; that vaccines are harmful to children. They don’t live within a structured body of thought but within a rave party chaos of prejudices.

As time has gone by, I’ve developed more and more sympathy for the goals the populists are trying to achieve. America’s leadership class has spent the last few generations excluding, ignoring, rejecting and insulting a large swath of this country. It’s terrible to be assaulted in this way. It’s worse when you finally seize power and start assaulting yourself — and everyone around you. In fact, it’s stupid.

Source: The Six Principles of Stupidity

Mahboubi: Canada is wasting the talents of its skilled immigrants

Concrete and specific recommendations, some harder to implement than others (e.g., Foreign Credential Recognition, which also should include domestic credential recognition):

…To fully harness immigrant talent, Canada must act. The Express Entry system should place greater emphasis on language ability and incorporate educational criteria that consider the reputations of institutions, fields of study and academic grades – elements often overlooked but crucial for predicting successful labour-market integration. Pre-immigration earnings of immigrants with prior Canadian work experience should also be considered, as they serve as a strong predictor of immigrants’ economic value and their ability to integrate into the work force without facing overqualification.

Streamlining the recognition of foreign credentials and offering clearer guidance on licensing are equally important. Provincial governments need to collaborate with regulatory bodies to simplify and accelerate the recognition process for foreign qualifications. British Columbia and Nova Scotia recently expedited their approvals for health care professionals, showing the potential of such collaboration. At the same time, regulatory bodies should revisit and modernize their licensing processes to reduce red tape and ensure that the requirements are not excessively burdensome.

Immigrants need better support navigating complex recertification processes. Provincial regulatory bodies can partner with professional associations to develop clear licensing roadmaps for regulated professions so that skilled immigrants can better understand their options. Governments also need to expand access to culturally relevant language training and rigorously evaluate settlement programs to scale up what works.

Employers also need to step up. Today, only 15 per cent of employers in Toronto work with immigrant-serving agencies, missing out on a wealth of untapped talent. Promoting job-matching programs, raising awareness of credential-assessment services and connecting with immigrant-serving organizations can bridge gaps. Governments can facilitate this by developing comprehensive databases of credential equivalencies.

Canada’s highly-educated immigrants represent a vast, underutilized resource. Addressing systemic barriers is not just about fairness – it’s about ensuring the country’s long-term prosperity. With bold action and collaboration, Canada can transform this missed opportunity into a major economic advantage.

Source: Canada is wasting the talents of its skilled immigrants

Eng: Will artificial intelligence really fix Ottawa’s troubled Phoenix pay?

Nails it. Without simplification, extremely hard to achieve, AI and automation unlikely to be successful:

…Why did Phoenix fail? There are many reasons, but to name a few: an overwhelming number of rules and processes, including 72 job classifications and 80,000 pay rules, requiring more than 300 customizations built into the payroll system; a lack of proper testing with users before a major rollout; and dated procurement processes that favour large vendors and waterfall methodologies….

Source: Will artificial intelligence really fix Ottawa’s troubled Phoenix pay?

International study permit data an ‘earthquake’ for Canadian university finances 

Overdue correction:

A dramatic decline in international study permits issued last year is quickly becoming an existential threat to the finances of Canadian postsecondary schools, say organizations representing the institutions.

“The drop in international students is like an earthquake hitting an education system that’s already structurally weakened by years of underinvestment,” said Gabriel Miller, president and CEO of Universities Canada.

Provinces where international permit allocations were increased last year are also experiencing a decline in international enrolment, creating gaps in budgets that may lead to program cuts.

The federal government said last week that Canada issued about 40 per cent fewer international study permits among kindergarten to Grade 12, postsecondary and postgraduate students last year, overshooting its 35-per-cent target.

This year, it’s seeking a further 10-per-cent reduction.

A recent report from ApplyBoard, an online marketplace for learning institutions, said the number of permits approved for college students likely dropped by about 60 per cent, while approvals for international undergraduate students fell about 40 per cent.

The total number of international study permits issued by Ontario was also essentially cut in half by the cap. ApplyBoard said it’s projected the province had a 55 per cent decline in international permit approvals for 2024…

Source: International study permit data an ‘earthquake’ for Canadian university finances

Quebec’s CAQ government tables ‘integration’ bill for new immigrants

Here we go…:

Immigration Minister Jean-François Roberge tabled Thursday a bill meant to distinguish the province’s approach to newcomers from what Roberge called Canada’s “vicious” multiculturalism.

Bill 84, laid out in a 12-page document called “An Act respecting national integration,” includes a list of expectations for the Quebec state, Quebecers and new immigrants to Quebec. It aims to establish the province’s integration model, which is inspired by the concept of interculturalism.

Roberge said Tuesday that the difference between interculturalism and multiculturalism is that the former creates “relations between people,” whereas the latter “doesn’t define a common culture.”

The bill calls on new immigrants to learn French upon arrival in Quebec and to respect a set of values, including those enumerated in the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms.

“This law reiterates that Quebec is a nation in its own right with a strong culture,” Roberge told journalists Thursday. “As a nationalist government, we are therefore taking our responsibilities and making a strong gesture to protect our social cohesion, our way of living together, our identity.”

The document defines Quebec culture as “characterized in particular by the French language, the civil law tradition, specific institutions, distinct social values, a specific history, and the importance given to equality between women and men, to the laicity of the State and to the protection of Quebec’s only official and common language.”

The bill commits Quebec to “foster the learning of French as well as the learning of democratic values,” but does not specifically say the province has to provide French courses.

The bill also says the government would ensure organizations helping immigrants follow the bill and could remove funding to those that do not, although Roberge admitted to journalists Thursday there were not yet clear guidelines on how the province would enforce the bill.

In recent months, the province has cancelled hundreds of French courses due to funding issues. After Roberge announced on Tuesday that he would be tabling the bill this week, opposition parties were reluctant to show support given the province’s struggle to meet francization demands.

Veronica Islas, who runs Carrefour de ressources en intercultuel, an organization helping immigrants in Montreal, said the proposed legislation’s lack of clarity on how it would be implemented and why it was being created left her fearing it would have the adverse effect of alienating or “othering” people.

“Words have meaning and there’s a difference between integration and inclusion,” Islas said.

Roberge also defended himself on Tuesday from the idea that he was once again using nationalism to win back voting intentions.

“During our first mandate, we took the step of adopting Bill 21 when we were leading in the polls — and by a long, long shot — [and] we did the same thing with Bill 96,” he said. “We are taking strong, identity-based actions to ensure the Quebec model, regardless of the polls.”

The bill also says Quebec must facilitate “access to Quebec works, cultural content and heritage property, [enhance] them and fosters their discoverability.”

The government recently announced a series of financial cutbacks at several cultural institutions, including the end of free entry to a number of museums on Sundays. A group called the Common Front for the Arts of Quebec has held protests amid calls for increased funding of arts and culture activities in the province. It has emphasized the importance of Quebec’s national identity.

Source: Quebec’s CAQ government tables ‘integration’ bill for new immigrants