“La communauté musulmane de Québec déplore l’intransigeance du gouvernement”

A noter:

“Neuf ans se sont écoulés depuis la tuerie de la grande mosquée de Québec, mais des séquelles se font encore sentir, ravivées par les lois sur la laïcité adoptées par le gouvernement caquiste, qui « encouragent la xénophobie et le racisme », selon les leaders de la communauté musulmane de la capitale.

Le 29 janvier 2017, au moment où Alexandre Bissonnette faisait irruption au milieu de la prière pour ouvrir le feu sur les fidèles, une fillette se tenait entre le tireur et ses victimes. « C’est ma fille. Elle avait huit ans », a raconté mercredi Nizar Ghali, blessé par deux balles à l’abdomen lors de la tragédie.

Le père de famille, ce soir-là, a frôlé la mort sous les yeux de son enfant. Dans les jours qui ont suivi l’attaque, pendant que la ville se recueillait, consternée, et pleurait les six défunts, Nizar Ghali, lui, luttait pour sa vie à l’hôpital, plongé dans le coma.

Aujourd’hui tiré d’affaire — « le corps va bien, l’esprit va quand même assez bien aussi », précisait-il mercredi au Devoir à la veille des commémorations —, il travaille à combattre les « amalgames » qui font le lit, à son avis, du racisme et de la xénophobie.

“Et il en a long à dire sur la vision de la laïcité promue par le gouvernement caquiste. La loi 21 sur l’interdiction des signes religieux et son expansion dans les garderies subventionnées par l’État prévue par le projet de loi 9 passent mal. « Les femmes voilées se sentent lésées par ces lois-là parce qu’elles estiment qu’[elles] sont faites spécifiquement pour elles », explique le docteur diplômé de l’Université Laval. « Pour nous, ça envoie le message que l’État ne veut pas que la femme musulmane prenne de l’expansion dans la société. »

Sa fille, aujourd’hui âgée de 17 ans, a décidé de porter le hidjab. Le père, lui, craint que ce choix ne constitue un obstacle à son épanouissement.

« Ce n’est pas le passé qui nous inquiète, c’est l’avenir, confie Nizar Ghali. Elle arrive à l’âge où tout le monde commence à entrevoir un petit peu son avenir. Il est encore trop tôt pour savoir quel genre de job elle va chercher ou quel domaine d’études elle va poursuivre, mais si elle rencontre des embûches, c’est sûr que ça va être de plus en plus difficile pour elle. Si, au contraire, elle trouve une société qui l’accueille comme elle est, je présume que ça va la soulager après ce qu’elle a vécu. »”…

Source: “La communauté musulmane de Québec déplore l’intransigeance du gouvernement”

“Nine years have passed since the killing of the Great Mosque in Quebec City, but sequelae are still being felt, revived by the laws on secularism adopted by the Caquist government, which “encourage xenophobia and racism,” according to the leaders of the capital’s Muslim community.

On January 29, 2017, when Alexandre Bissonnette broke into the middle of prayer to open fire on the faithful, a girl stood between the shooter and his victims. “She’s my daughter. She was eight years old, “said Nizar Ghali on Wednesday, wounded by two bullets in the abdomen during the tragedy.

The father of the family, that evening, come close to death before the eyes of his child. In the days following the attack, while the city was gathering, dismayed, and mourning the six deceased, Nizar Ghali was fighting for his life in the hospital, immersed in a coma.

Today out of trouble – “the body is fine, the mind is still quite well too,” he said Wednesday at Le Devoir on the eve of the commemorations – he is working to fight the “amalgams” that make the bed, in his opinion, of racism and xenophobia.

“And he has a lot to say about the vision of secularism promoted by the Caquist government. Bill 21 on the prohibition of religious signs and its expansion into state-subsidized daycare centers provided for by Bill 9 is doing badly. “Women with veils feel aged by these laws because they believe that [they] are made specifically for them,” explains the doctor graduated from Université Laval. “For us, it sends the message that the State does not want Muslim women to expand in society. ”

His daughter, now 17 years old, decided to wear the hijab. The father, for his part, fears that this choice will be an obstacle to his development. “It’s not the past that worries us, it’s the future,” says Nizar Ghali. She reaches the age where everyone begins to see a little bit of her future. It is still too early to know what kind of job she will look for or what field of study she will pursue, but if she encounters pitfalls, it is certain that it will be more and more difficult for her. If, on the contrary, she finds a society that welcomes her as she is, I assume that it will relieve her after what she has experienced. “…

Why do 3 major diseases disproportionately impact Black Canadians? New genome project aims to find out

Useful and important study. As noted, developing trust will be a challenge:

Black people are disproportionately impacted by certain diseases, including Type 2 diabetes, hypertension and an aggressive form of breast cancer known as triple-negative. Starting on Feb. 1, researchers from Ontario, Quebec and Nova Scotia are launching the genCARE project to map the genomes of more than 10,000 Black Canadians with these three diseases, as well as people who have no underlying medical conditions.

The leaders of the project — funded by Genome Canada — hope their findings will help inform where treatment and preventive care can be targeted, as well as achieve more equitable, anti-racist health outcomes.

“If we are not there, we will not be counted,” Prescod said. “We will not be involved in finding solutions.”

Prescod estimates that less than five per cent of genetic studies worldwide include data from Black people, which means the findings of those studies may not apply to them.

Prescod hopes the research results will allow her to help her patients at Black Creek better manage their conditions.

The ultimate goal of genCARE, according to Dr. Upton Allen, the project’s administrative lead, is to take a patient’s genetic makeup and other factors into consideration during diagnosis and treatment — a practice known as precision medicine.

“It might help us to better understand why certain people get these disorders, why some get it more severe than others,” Allen said. “It might even help us to better design treatments that are more targeted.” 

Overcoming mistrust

Allen says researchers involved with the project must overcome a long history of discrimination against Black people that has fuelled their mistrust of medical institutions. 

And that makes recruitment difficult in a project that he says needs thousands of participants.

Source: Why do 3 major diseases disproportionately impact Black Canadians? New genome project aims to find out

MPs eye support for expat voters as PROC study on special ballot challenges wraps

Working on an analysis of these voters by riding, province and country of residence. Unfortunately, but also understandably, we don’t have party breakdowns of expat votes given confidentiality concerns. Committee report not released yet. Stay tuned:

A House committee study on challenges related to special ballot voting—particularly the experiences of expat voters—is coming to a close, and Liberal MPArielle Kayabaga says she has her sights on what more the foreign affairs department can do to help Canadians abroad cast their votes after hearing that some are paying out of pocket to ensure their ballots are counted.

“One of things that we’re looking to see is how Global Affairs Canada can partner with Canadians that live abroad to stay engaged … especially when there’s an election, where people can get up-to-date information through the already existing infrastructures that we have as services for Canadians abroad,” Kayabaga (London West, Ont.) told The Hill Times.

“The goal here is to really figure out ways to make it easy for Canadians to participate electorally and do their civic duty,” whether at home or abroad, Kayabaga said. “We have put forward helpful recommendations that will increase access and improve the processes in which Canadians vote, especially those who are voting with a special ballot.”

The Procedure and House Affairs Committee (PROC) launched its study on special ballot voting on Nov. 6, 2025, and heard from 13 witnesses over the course of four meetings.

Last spring’s election saw the highest number of Canadians yet cast their votes by special ballot, use of which has more than doubled over the last decade. But it also saw some challenges, with multiple instances of domestically cast special ballots mistakenly left out of official vote counts, leading Elections Canada to launch an internal review. The agency published its resulting report, outlining three phases of changes it’s pursuing, on Dec. 15, 2025.

…Timothy Veale, director of Grits Abroad, and Daniel Scuka, a Canadian currently living in Germany, were the first to testify before PROC, and spoke to the barriers facing expat voters. Veale said he sees “three main barriers” overall: technical, as voting is done by snail mail, which is made more challenging during short, snap campaigns; structural, as international voters “have no direct representation in Parliament,” leaving many, “in effect, disenfranchised,” whereas some countries, like France, have “dedicated overseas MPs”; and political, in terms of a lack of will to effect change. He noted other diasporas, including French expats, “outvoteus by a wide margin.”

That disconnect is something Scuka, who works for the European Space Agency, also touched on, saying “few, if any, candidates commit time or resources” to engage international voters. Scuka supported Veale’s argument for the creation of dedicated MPs to represent overseas voters, and also noted the disconnect created by how votes are counted, noting his last address in Canadawas in Ottawa, a place he only lived for two years, and to which he feels little connection.

Multiple witnesses highlighted the onus put on international voters to ensure their votes are returned on time in the current mail-in system. Scuka said it “took several weeks” after the 2025 campaign began for his ballot to arrive, and he’s previously paid the equivalent of $60 to ensure it made it back in time. Both Veale and Scuka said they’re unsure whether their ballots were ultimately even counted last year.

Another witness, Lucia Kovacikova, a Canadian expert on expat voting currently teach ing in Wisconsin, said she, too, received her ballot “quite late inthe process” last election, and paid $120 to use a private carrier to ensure it got counted.

Kayabaga said reports of expats incurring fees in trying to vote are an example of something she thinks the committee can “look at and figure out ways to improve.”

Scuka said Elections Canada should automatically identify international voters as part of the list of electors it shares with candidates, and urged the committee to consider enabling “Elections Canada to offer any mix of in-person voting or ballot drop-off at consulates or embassies, ballot return via tracked courier envelopes that are potentially prepaid, and the issuance of ballots and returned material via a digital platform,” which would enable voters abroad to “track the status of their ballots.”

Per the Canada Elections Act, expats are allowed to drop-off sealed ballot envelopes at Canadian embassies, high commissions, or consulates, “a Canadian Forces base or to any place that the Chief Electoral Officer may designate.”It does not, however, currently provide for in-person voting.

As part of her remarks, Dalhousie University professor Lori Turnbull said she’d welcome “giving more thought to electronic voting” as an option for all Canadians, including expats—an idea Kovacikova backed. Turnbull also suggested Elections Canada could likely do more to engage voters abroad “well in advance” of an election.

Among the witness list were a number of experts on the voting experiences of other diasporas.

Appearing on Nov. 25, 2025, Chief Electoral Officer Stéphane Perrault highlighted that while there was comparative “high-interest” among international voters last election, “more than half” registered after writs were issued. Data shows the later people register, the lower the return rate, he said.

Global Affairs Canada’s Kati Csaba spoke to the support her department offers—support that’s impeded, though, by the fact “many Canadians living abroad aren’t in contact” with GAC. GAC’s current role, she said, “is simply to provide logistical support through Canada’s network of diplomatic missionsabroad,” including by answering “general questions” about voting (“more complex inquiries” are directed to Elections Canada), emailing or faxing applications to register on behalf of expats who need help, posting information on their website, and sharing relevant updates on social media.Voters can also use missions as their mailing address in receiving special ballots, or to drop off completed ballots, she noted.

Conservative MP Michael Cooper (St. Albert–Sturgeon River,Alta.) said following the study he overall feels assured that “the special ballot voting process is working.” “There may be some areas for some minor changes … with respect to seeing that special ballot kits are delivered in a timely manner for Canadians living abroad,” he said, noting as well that he still has some questions over how Elections Canada verifies that ballots it mails overseas are received by eligible voters. “That’s something that I think warrants some further examination.”

On the idea of adding MPs to represent international electors, Cooper was not convinced, and said he’s “not heard any real appetite for” such a change…

Source: MPs eye support for expat voters as PROC study on special ballot challenges wraps

StatsCan – Fertility and intentions: Socioeconomic factors

Interesting differences among visible minority groups, born in Canada and immigrants, religious non-religious:

In Canada, women’s family trajectories have seen major changes in recent decades. Increased educational levels, greater participation in the labour market, changing social norms and the widespread use of contraception have contributed to diversifying life paths, notably in terms of childbearing.

This reality is directly related to the sharp decline in fertility observed in Canada. In 2024, Canada became part of the group of countries with “ultra-low fertility,” with a total fertility rate of 1.25 children per woman. This strong decline in fertility is due not only to a decreased birth rate, but also to an increase in the number of women who do not have children either by choice, by circumstance or because they are delaying motherhood. In fact, the average age of mothers at the birth of their first child has been increasing in Canada for decades. In 2024, it reached an all-time high of 31.8 years. Although the decline in fertility is partly due to women delaying having children, the proportion of women aged 50 years and older with no children has also been increasing over a period of more than 30 years, from 14.1% in 1990 to 17.4% in 2022.

In a context where having children is being increasingly delayed, understanding the fertility intentions of women without children who are still of reproductive age is essential because having children as planned can affect the well-being and life satisfaction of individuals and families. To address these issues, the 2024 Survey on Family Transitions (SFT) was designed to explore the experiences of families in Canada over time by examining how individuals and families change throughout various life stages. The results can be used to develop programs and policies to improve the well-being of children and families.

Using these data, this release first examines the proportion of Canadian women of childbearing age (i.e., women aged 20 to 49 years without any biological or adopted children) and then considers their fertility intentions. The release highlights sociodemographic characteristics associated with not having children and with fertility intentions, such as age group, education level, employment status, marital status, immigrant status and population group. It aims to increase understanding of current trends and shed light on issues related to the diversity of women’s parental trajectories in a low-fertility context.

Source: Fertility and intentions: Socioeconomic factors

Jewish group calls on Ottawa to launch commission on antisemitism

Not convinced that having separate envoys for antisemitism and islamophobia improves understanding and integration. Former envoy Deborah Lyons was candid about her experience and frustrations:

Jewish advocacy group B’nai Brith is calling on Ottawa to launch a commission on antisemitism and appoint someone to the envoy role that has been left vacant since July.

The group is holding a midday press conference on Parliament Hill today, a day before the annual remembrance ceremony at the National Holocaust Monument.

It’s asking Ottawa to fill the role of special envoy for combating antisemitism that has been vacant since Deborah Lyons resigned in July, three months before her term was set to expire….

Source: Jewish group calls on Ottawa to launch commission on antisemitism

“Jack Jedwab: Reducing the Holocaust to yet another story of colonialism distorts history”

Needed reminder:

…“Holocaust survivor and Nobel laureate the late Elie Wiesel warned repeatedly against precisely such historic revision and the distortion to which it has given rise. For Wiesel, the Holocaust was not merely one genocide among others, nor simply another chapter in humanity’s long record of cruelty. Rather, it was a singular event rooted in a uniquely European legacy of antisemitism, culminating in the systematic and industrialized attempt to murder Jews.

Wiesel’s insistence on this point was not at all about being indifferent to other victims of mass violence. On the contrary, he affirmed the sanctity of all human suffering. His concern was that careless comparison between genocides risked cancelling the very things that distinguished each horrific tragedy.

Today there is real need to heed Wiesel’s warning, as colonialist framings of the origins of the Holocaust gain traction with influencers and many academics. Recognizing the historical specificity of the Holocaust is in no way an obstacle to broader empathy or compassion for victims of other genocides. Rather it is essential in identifying the key lessons needed to prevent future atrocities. When it comes to the Holocaust, one hard truth must not be blurred: reducing it to yet another story of colonialism”

Source: “Jack Jedwab: Reducing the Holocaust to yet another story of colonialism distorts history”

“How Trudeau Liberals’ DEI obsession helped kill Canadian culture”



Good long and disturbing read:

…Some blamed a misreading of DEI as “Diversity, Equity, and Exclusion,” or the Canada Council’s zealous “decolonization” agenda; others noted that with only about 25 per cent of editorial staff male, female editors naturally preferred female perspectives; and some disputed that White male authors were disadvantaged at all, or, if true, that it mattered. Whatever the cause, male writers appear to have fallen out of fashion. The 2025 Sobey Arts Award shortlisted twenty-six women and twelve Indigenous artists among thirty nominees — none of the four men were White. Recent Giller and Governor General’s prizes show similar trends: roughly two-thirds of winners were women, and only one White man among them. These results likely reflect publishing priorities rather than overt bias, yet they signal a profound cultural shift.

Fundamental to any program to resurrect Canada’s book business is the necessity to reform its major cultural institutions. Over the last decade or more, they have become deeply politicized, pursuing a specific and polarizing social and economic agenda. They have turned it into a wedge that excludes certain people from consideration, certain forms of address from polite society, and certain manners of speaking as incompatible with good behaviour. The penalties for violating these often ambiguous standards can be devastating. These strictures have narrowed the boundaries of discourse and cast a chill on what can be said, written, or shown, radically restricting artists’ freedom of expression.

Diversity, equity, and inclusion were never supposed to evolve in this direction. Properly understood, it is not a negative, punishing exercise in ideological purity, but a formula for discovering and celebrating what had previously been arbitrarily suppressed. Murray Sinclair, the chairman of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, made the point explicitly when he explained that reconciliation was not about tearing down the statues of John A. Macdonald, but raising up statues to Big Bear. It is a program that calls for a deep understanding of both the good and the bad in historical figures and events. It assumes that people are sufficiently sophisticated to hold two thoughts in their heads at the same time. Some of the things Macdonald did were good; some were bad. There is no need to choose sides, only to see clearly what happened. That is precisely why it was called the Truth and Reconciliation Commission.

When major funders like the Canada Council set out to “decolonize” Canadian literature, they are pursuing a political agenda as surely as the censors of the Soviet Union insisting that all writing conform to the dictates of “socialist realism.” When tenured bureaucrats can harass people for wrongthink, and when it’s possible to lose essential public support for straying beyond the boundaries of correct and morally appropriate thinking, creators and cultural workers will be cautious, often second-guessing themselves. Great work flourishes in environments where people can take risks, knowing that the worst consequence will be failure, not penury and banishment.

The DEI project in Canada’s cultural agencies, government, publishing houses, and media needs to be recalibrated. It needs to focus on its original aims of combatting racism, sexism, and intolerance. It needs to seek truth, not for the purpose of punishment, but for learning. When mistakes are made, when the wrong word or hurtful language is thoughtlessly used, it needs to be treated as a teachable moment, not as a call to puritanical vengeance. It needs to start from an assumption that the overwhelming majority of Canadians are people of good will. Do they sometimes make cruel mistakes? Of course. The important thing is to learn together and bank the fires of self-righteous rage.

— A former executive vice-president of the CBC, Richard Stursberg has written widely on Canadian media and cultural policy. His previous books include The Tower of Babble, named by the Globe & Mail as one of the best books of the year, and The Tangled Garden, which was short-listed for the Donner Prize for the best book on public policy written by a Canadian.

Source: “How Trudeau Liberals’ DEI obsession helped kill Canadian culture”

Genetic Data From Over 20,000 U.S. Children Misused for ‘Race Science’

Sigh…:

Genetic researchers were seeking children for an ambitious, federally funded project to track brain development — a study that they told families could yield invaluable discoveries about DNA’s impact on behavior and disease.

They also promised that the children’s sensitive data would be closely guarded in the decade-long study, which got underway in 2015. Promotional materials included a cartoon of a Black child saying it felt good knowing that “scientists are taking steps to keep my information safe.”

The scientists did not keep it safe.

A group of fringe researchers thwarted safeguards at the National Institutes of Health and gained access to data from thousands of children. The researchers have used it to produce at least 16 papers purporting to find biological evidence for differences in intelligence between races, ranking ethnicities by I.Q. scores and suggesting Black people earn less because they are not very smart.

Mainstream geneticists have rejected their work as biased and unscientific. Yet by relying on genetic and other personal data from the prominent project, known as the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development Study, the researchers gave their theories an air of analytical rigor.

earch group were ineligible to obtain data from the ABCD project. But one of them gained access through an American professor who was already being investigated by the N.I.H. over his handling of another child brain study.

Their papers have provided fodder for racist posts on social media and white nationalist message boards that have been viewed millions of times. Some of the papers are cited by A.I. bots like ChatGPT and Grok in response to queries about race and intelligence. On the social media platform X, Grok has referred users to the research more than two dozen times this month alone.

“It’s evil,” said Dr. Terry L. Jernigan, national co-director of the ABCD Study and a neuropsychologist at the University of California, San Diego. “It’s not just that the science is faulty, but it’s being used to advance an unethical agenda.”…

    Source: Genetic Data From Over 20,000 U.S. Children Misused for ‘Race Science’

    List of suspected Nazi war criminals welcomed in Canada should stay secret, information watchdog rules

    Seems a bit too precious given not released earlier prior to the Russian attack on Ukraine:

    …LAC had told Caroline Maynard, the Information Commissioner, that disclosing the list would result in significant injury to Canada’s relationship with a foreign government. LAC also told her it would “cause significant injury to the defence of a foreign state allied with Canada,” Maureen Brennan, an investigator in Ms. Maynard’s office, said in the e-mail. 

    The e-mail said the harm would extend “beyond Canada’s relations with the foreign government in question” and would adversely affect Canada’s relationships with other allied states.

    “I reviewed LAC’s consultation materials and note that there was an overall consensus that, in the current political climate, disclosure of the information would give rise to serious concerns about reasonably expected harm,” Ms. Brennan said. 

    Dozens of leading scholars from around the world, including Sir Richard Evans, former Regius professor of history at Cambridge University and author of 18 books, including Hitler’s People, have called on Canada to declassify the report.

    On Friday Canada’s Friends of Simon Wiesenthal Center, named after the famous Nazi hunter, reacted with dismay that the information watchdog had upheld Ottawa’s decision to keep the list secret. 

    “The government’s claim that revealing the truth about Nazi war criminals living in Canada could somehow be a threat to national security or international diplomacy is an insult to the intelligence of the public,” said Jaime Kirzner Roberts, senior director, policy and advocacy at the center. 

    “It is long past time for the facts to come out about the Nazi perpetrators of genocide and war crimes who were allowed to escape justice and live comfortable, protected lives in our country.”

    A research team led by UCLA historian Jared McBride, an expert on war crimes in the Second World War, last year unearthed what he concluded was an earlier annotated version of the secret list.

    The Information Commissioner’s office argued that this list had been released through an access to information request in 2019, “at a time which predates the relevant current global context.” 

    Among the names on this list, seen by The Globe, was Helmut Oberlander, a member of the Nazi Einsatzgruppen death squads during the Second World War. The Canadian government spent years trying to strip him of his citizenship, but he died at the age of 97 in 2021 while the matter was still before the courts.

    Professor Per Rudling of Lund University in Sweden, who has researched the settlement of alleged Nazis in Canada, said he found the decision to keep the list secret “curious.” He said Ukraine had opened up its own KGB archives and the U.S. has released the bulk of its documents pertaining to alleged Nazi war criminals. 

    “Of all comparable Western liberal democracies, Canada stands out as being particularly restrictive on archival materials in regards to purported war criminals,” he said in an e-mail. 

    Source: List of suspected Nazi war criminals welcomed in Canada should stay secret, information watchdog rules

    Robson: Canada’s prevention gap grows wider the more complacent we become

    Thorny lines to draw and not easy to implement but needed given the nature of some of the protests and protestors:

    …Diaspora dynamics, therefore, require institutional maturity. The challenge is not to cast suspicion on whole communities. It is to distinguish legitimate protest from intimidation, and political grievance from early-stage radicalization cues—especially when imported conflicts are weaponized inside Canadian information spaces.

    Prevention doctrine has to be able to say, without flinching, that a small minority within some diaspora and newcomer populations—including naturalized Canadians—carry or adopt illiberal and extremist ideologies, and that those ideologies can express themselves as targeted hatred toward Jews. Treating that as an institutional design problem—triage rules, evidence standards, and earlier handoffs—avoids both naïveté and collective blame.

    It also means using international tools without outsourcing Canadian standards. Many subjects who could fall within the scope of a promotion offence did not begin their political trajectory in Canada. Some may have prior histories of supporting extremist organizations, being investigated abroad, or coordinating across jurisdictions.

    Canada already has mechanisms to seek corroborating information while preserving due process through the Mutual Legal Assistance in Criminal Matters Act. The aim is not to “import” foreign decisions. It is to avoid assessing a suspect’s online activity here as if it exists in isolation—especially when trusted partners can corroborate a pattern of propaganda production or cross-border coordination that should inform Canadian risk assessments for bail, peace bonds, and sentencing.

    So what does “prevention” mean when radicalization cycles move faster than case-prioritization and reassessment? Canada has conceptual building blocks: the RCMP explicitly acknowledges the linkage between hate crime and violent extremism and stresses prevention alongside enforcement in its hate-crime overview. The gap is operationalization—multilingual capability, faster evidence capture, clearer handoff triggers, and disruption that treats a heightened hate environment as a security condition, not a communications problem.

    Canada cannot prevent every attack. But it can choose whether to keep treating antisemitic extremism as a late-stage file—something we condemn after it becomes violence. If we continue to manage weak signals as “not urgent,” we will eventually face the question other democracies face after tragedy: What did we notice early, and why did we decide it was not urgent enough?

    Daniel Robson is a Canadian independent journalist specializing in digital extremism, national security, and counterterrorism.

    Source: Canada’s prevention gap grows wider the more complacent we become