Globe editorial: Crime and punishment, and deportation

Agreed, important to public support of immigration:

…It is a deeply Canadian impulse to emphasize second chances, rehabilitation, and mercy. Yet does anyone ask whether Canadians would want these offenders as citizens? Hasn’t Parliament already pronounced on that issue?

We would not remove all discretion at this point. It would be harsh treatment in certain cases for permanent residents who have been here decades, or young special-needs people deserving of empathy. But judges need to abide by and enforce the rules Parliament has set out for newcomers and permanent residents, and stop skewing the results.

Source: Crime and punishment, and deportation

Opinion | Carney’s Bill C-12 brings back a dark chapter in Canada’s immigration policy

Representative sample of immigration lawyers’ perspective, overly alarmist IMO in its use of historical examples which have largely been overtaken starting in the 1960s:

…Disturbingly, this aspect of C-12 mirrors historic forms of immigration legislation which systemically violated the human rights of immigrants and refugees on both sides of the border. It is a return to an era of immigration legislation, when, in Canada, highly discretionary powers were used by the Governor-in-Council to impose discriminatory immigration restrictions — also framed as being in the “public interest.” These orders were used to prohibit specific “races,” nationalities, and classes of immigrants, often without parliamentary debate or without having to introduce any amendment to the Immigration Act in place at that time. Some examples of prohibited classes by orders include the 1908 Continuous Journey Regulation — intended to restrict immigration from India and Japan — orders in council restricting Chinese immigration, and the prohibition of immigrants involved in labour strikes, members of the Communist Party, or unemployed persons in 1931.

This dark chapter of Canadian immigration history is generally discussed as a vestige of a bygone era, replaced by an ostensibly modern, merit-based system that protects human rights. But the images of the MV Sun Sea (2010) or the Adriana (2023) boats, filled with migrants abandoned to their fate, are eerily reminiscent of those of the Komagata Maru (1914) and the St-Louis (1939).

The framing of migration as a “border security” issue in Bill C-12 and the broader scapegoating rhetoric targeting immigrants remind us of these past “none is too many” directives, highlighting the fact that immigration policy was of course never simply a bureaucratic process — it has also always been about deciding who, ultimately, is allowed to be recognized as fully human. 

Ironically, it is the very security of those who have found safety in Canada which will be undermined by this bill, allowing for the routine violation of rights protected under the Charter and international law for anyone who is not a citizen. This should concern us all, as it will pave the way for the flagrant rights abuses that we see in the U.S. to take place here: indefinite family separation, skyrocketing deportations and mass violations of due process. In this context, Prime Minister Carney is right to invoke “old relationships.” Except they are far from “over.”

Gwendolyn Muir, Jared Will and Anne-Cécile Khouri-Raphael are lawyers. 

Source: Opinion | Carney’s Bill C-12 brings back a dark chapter in Canada’s immigration policy

UK: Windrush tsar fears repeat of citizenship scandal

Understandable concern:

The new Windrush commissioner has warned of the danger of “unintended consequences” from tougher UK asylum laws.

In a wide-ranging BBC interview about his government-appointed role, the Reverend Clive Foster said he wanted discussions with ministers about how to prevent a repeat of the Windrush scandal.

Government proposals designed to tackle illegal migration would give people granted asylum only a temporary refugee status, subject to review every 30 months.

Mr Foster is concerned about potential mistakes and said lessons needed to be learned from Windrush, when thousands of Commonwealth citizens were wrongly classed as illegal immigrants.

The scandal involved people from the Caribbean who responded to an invitation to rebuild the UK after World War Two, but the commissioner said it also affected Commonwealth citizens from Africa and South Asia, particularly Bangladesh.

Many were later denied jobs, housing and NHS treatment and some were wrongly deported because the Home Office failed to keep records or issue paperwork confirming their indefinite leave to remain.

Mr Foster, a senior pastor at the Pilgrim Church in Nottingham, was appointed in Juneto oversee the government’s response to the Windrush scandal and represent its victims.

He has met more than 700 people on a UK-wide Windrush Listening Event tour, where he said some victims wore military medals to show how proud they were to be British.

“I’m hearing the pain, I’m hearing the trauma, and my responsibility is about looking at how we can build relationships, build back trust,” he said….

Source: Windrush tsar fears repeat of citizenship scandal

UK minister flags visa ‘abuse’ as student asylum claims surge

Similar dynamics as Canada:

…UK’s Indo-Pacific Minister Seema Malhotra has defended her government’s immigration proposals during a visit to India, while expressing concern about a rise in foreign students seeking asylum at the end of their studies.

Under the new plans, some migrants could have to wait up to 20 years before they can settle permanently in the UK and the qualifying period for indefinite leave to remain will be extended from five to 10 years.

The proposals will apply to an estimated 2.6 million people who arrived in the country since 2021. They have drawn criticism from some quarters, including a few Labour MPs, even though the Conservatives gave the measures a cautious welcome.

The reforms are “in line with what countries around the world do” to stop the abuse of their immigration systems, Malhotra told the BBC in the southern Indian city of Chennai, adding that there was a “very strong message we also send, which is that we welcome those coming legally”.

According to Malhotra some16,000 international students from across the world had applied for asylum in the UK last year after completing their courses, which she said was evidence of abuse of legal migration routes.

A further 14,800 students sought asylum this year to June 2025, latest Home Office figures show. It is unclear how many of them are Indian nationals.

“We’ve seen visa abuse in the case of legal routes, where people have gone legally and then sought to overstay when their visas weren’t extended,” Malhotra said.

“If you see that level of abuse, it undermines your immigration system. It undermines public confidence, and the fairness and control people expect.”…

Source: UK minister flags visa ‘abuse’ as student asylum claims surge

We’re Seeing What a No-Immigration Economy Looks Like

Some of the same standard arguments in favour of more without specifying category breakdowns and priorities and minimal discussion of the broader impact on society and GDP per capital growth:

…Again, a good outcome in this economic environment will consist of a low unemployment rate with low or no employment growth. This will be something new for many Americans, who understandably connect a healthy job market with higher monthly jobs numbers.

A healthy job market, however, doesn’t necessarily mean a thriving economy. A smaller population resulting from lower immigration means a smaller economy well into the future. On top of that, more restrictive immigration means fewer working-age immigrants paying taxes, even as many of them wait years to get most federal benefits (or never become eligible for them). Finally, economistslink immigration to productivity growth.

In other words, making America less hospitable to immigrants will eventually make America poorer.

Wendy Edelberg is a former chief economist for the Congressional Budget Office

Source: We’re Seeing What a No-Immigration Economy Looks Like

‘Nobody wants to come’: What if the U.S. can no longer attract immigrant physicians?

Sad that Canada not on the list:

…”This is a real pivotal moment right now where decades of progress could be at risk,” says Dr. Julie Gralow, chief medical officer at the American Society of Clinical Oncology

She says policies defunding everything from scientific research to public health have damaged the U.S.’s reputation to the point where she hears from hospitals and universities that top international talent are no longer interested in coming to America. “Up until this year, it was a dream — a wish! — that you could get a job and you could come to the U.S. And now nobody wants to come.”

Gralow says, meanwhile, other countries like China, Denmark, Germany and Australia are taking advantage by recruiting international talent away from the U.S. — including American-born doctors and medical researchers — by promising stable grant funding and state-of-the-art facilities abroad.

American patients will feel the rippling impact from that, Gralow says, for generations.

Immigrant physicians have historically found jobs in U.S. communities with serious health care staff shortages to begin with, so those places also stand to see more impact from curtailed international hiring, says Michael Liu, the Boston medical resident. 

He points to his own recent co-authored research in JAMA estimating that 11,000 doctors, or roughly 1% of the country’s physicians, currently have H1B visas. “That might seem like a small number, but this percentage varied widely across geographies,” he said, and they tend to congregate in the least-resourced areas, reaching up to 40% of physicians in some communities….

Source: ‘Nobody wants to come’: What if the U.S. can no longer attract immigrant physicians?

Des Français désormais sans statut après avoir omis de fournir un test de français

All they had to do was provide proof of attendance at a French-language secondary or post-secondary institution:

…Mais un nouveau règlement d’Immigration, Réfugiés et Citoyenneté Canada (IRCC) venait d’entrer en vigueur le 1er novembre 2024, au tout début du mois : les candidats au PTPD doivent désormais démontrer une compétence linguistique minimale en anglais ou en français.

« Étant de nationalité française — et ayant suivi des études en français, pour mon mari — , nous pensions être exemptés de cette condition », explique Sandrine Théron. Elle souligne aussi que, dans le portail d’IRCC où elle remplissait sa demande, il n’y avait aucun endroit prévu pour déposer le test de langue obligatoire. « Ce n’est toujours pas le cas d’ailleurs », ajoute-t-elle. Aucune attestation de réussite de test de français n’est donc déposée.

« Tout s’écroule »

L’été dernier, huit mois après l’envoi de leur demande, leur vie a basculé : le renouvellement des permis de Jacques et de Sandrine est refusé en raison de ce document manquant. Conséquence ? Ils perdent immédiatement le droit de travailler. « Quelque part, tout s’écroule », laisse tomber Sandrine Théron. « On se retrouve un peu démunis parce que sans activité professionnelle, on n’a plus de salaire. Alors, qu’est-ce qu’on fait ? »

La famille Villanueva-Théron est d’autant plus sous le choc qu’IRCC n’a pas envoyé de lettre d’intention de refus, comme c’est souvent le cas, pour donner une chance aux requérants de fournir les documents manquants. « Autour de nous, ça nous a été expliqué par le fait qu’il y a une volonté de durcir les règles et que, maintenant, dès qu’un dossier n’est pas [complet], quelle que soit la raison, il est rejeté. »

L’avocate en droit de l’immigration Krishna Gagné constate effectivement que le système « ne pardonne pas » même dans le cas d’une faute qui peut être en apparence mineure. « Demander un test de français à un Français d’origine… On est carrément en “Absurdistan”, mais c’est obligatoire », avance-t-elle.

Source: Des Français désormais sans statut après avoir omis de fournir un test de français

… But a new Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada (IRCC) regulation had just entered into force on November 1, 2024, at the very beginning of the month: PTDP candidates must now demonstrate a minimum language proficiency in English or French.

“Being of French nationality – and having studied in French, for my husband – we thought we were exempt from this condition,” explains Sandrine Théron. She also points out that, in the IRCC portal where she was completing her application, there was no place to submit the mandatory language test. “This is still not the case,” she adds. No certificate of success in the French test is therefore filed.

“Everything is collasing”

Last summer, eight months after sending their application, their lives turned upside down: the renewal of Jacques and Sandrine’s permits was refused because of this missing document. Consequence? They immediately lose the right to work. “Somewhere, everything collapses,” says Sandrine Théron. “We find ourselves a little destitute because without professional activity, we no longer have a salary. So, what do we do? ”

The Villanueva-Théron family is all the more shocked that IRCC did not send a letter of intent to refuse, as is often the case, to give applicants a chance to provide the missing documents. “Around us, it was explained to us by the fact that there is a desire to tighten the rules and that, now, as soon as a file is not [complete], whatever the reason, it is rejected. ”

Immigration lawyer Krishna Gagné indeed notes that the system “does not forgive” even in the case of a fault that may be apparently minor. “Ask a French test from a Frenchman of origin… We are downright in “Absurdistan”, but it’s mandatory,” she says.

Saperia: Canada has lost control of its immigration system — and Canadians know it

Always interesting to see how advocates and organizations reinvent themselves by latching on to current issues. (Saperia previously was active in the post 9/11 Foundation for the Defence of Democracies which has morphed into Secure Canada with a similar focus on 9/11 victims.)

Some elements of that is proposed are in the process of being implemented in recent changes, others would run into charter and other legal challenges but the point of “endless” legal avenues is valid, as is the need for more effective enforcement.

Not surprising the focus on Iran, even though foreign interference seems to be a more substantive issue with respect to China, among others.

1) End program-switching and restore security-first screening

Canada must close the loophole that allows individuals to enter as students, workers, or visitors — and then file asylum claims midstream or when their permits expire. This “program-switching” has turned temporary visas into back-door immigration streams, flooding the asylum system with what are often claims of convenience. Refugee protection should be reserved for those fleeing genuine danger, not for those seeking to extend their stay.

At the same time, Canada should return to a security-first approach by processing most immigration and refugee applications overseas, where proper vetting can occur before arrival. This would ensure that the system keeps track of who is entering before they arrive, preventing years-long appeals that erode public confidence. In-Canada processing should be reserved for genuine emergencies.

2) Enforce automatic deportation and end the culture of ‘compassionate’ leniency

Canadians should not need to debate whether a foreign national convicted of child abuse, domestic violence, or terrorism can remain in this country. Yet too often, the system allows offenders and their lawyers to game sentencing, strategically seeking reduced penalties to stay below deportation thresholds — and some judges accommodate this strategy, treating removal as an undue hardship rather than the natural consequence of committing a serious crime.

That mindset must change. Compassion must begin with protecting law-abiding Canadians, rather than shielding those who violate our laws. Conviction for any terrorism, espionage, violent or sexual offence, or crime against children should automatically trigger deportation, without plea bargains or discretionary exemptions that allow offenders to manipulate the system. Immigration is a privilege, not an entitlement — and decision-makers who mistake leniency for mercy compromise both justice and safety.

3) Address the CBSA Enforcement Crisis

Even the strongest laws mean nothing if no one is there to enforce them. Canada Border Services Agency officers face staggering caseloads, managing hundreds of complex security files each while navigating outdated procedures and chronic understaffing. Hundreds of veteran officers are now eligible for early retirement under new pension rules, threatening an enforcement vacuum at the precise moment that migration pressures are surging. Ottawa should immediately implement retention bonuses for experienced staff, fast-track recruitment of law-enforcement and military veterans, and establish a CBSA Reserve Corps to deploy trained retirees during processing, vetting and enforcement surges. Security capacity cannot be an afterthought; it is the foundation of the entire system.

4) Cancel the plan to fast track asylum claimants

Canada’s 2025 budget allocates $120.4 million to fast-track hundreds of thousands of asylum claimants into permanent residency, ostensibly to address processing backlogs. The government’s lack of clarity has created confusion about who qualifies as an “eligible protected person,” what mechanism will be used. Will this program resettled refugees, those accepted by the Immigration and Refugee Board (IRB), or those granted protection through Pre-Removal Risk Assessment (PRRA)? This opacity obscures a fundamental security problem: in Canada’s immigration system, “clearing processing backlogs” has historically meant compromising security screenings in favour of processing speed and volume.

5) Close loopholes exploited by foreign regime operatives

Among the most urgent security gaps are those exploited by affiliates of Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC) and the Iranian regime. Despite Iran’s designation as a state supporter of terrorism, its operatives have used Canada’s immigration and refugee pathways to establish presence, intimidate dissidents, and launder funds. Dedicated IRGC investigation units within CBSA and CSIS — supported by enhanced intelligence sharing and clear legislative authority for deportation — are overdue. Canada’s openness must never shelter those who abuse it to commit foreign repression.

Throughout Canada’s history, immigration has been central to our success — but only when coupled with healthy realism, careful screening, rigorous enforcement, respect for the rule of law, and a firm commitment to a shared civic identity. The immigration reforms that Canada needs are significant, urgent, and essential to preserving public trust, public safety, and Canada’s standing as a nation that takes immigration seriously.

Sheryl Saperia is CEO of Secure Canada, where Sophie Milman is strategic advisor. Ches W. Parsons is a retired Assistant Commissioner of the RCMP and its former Director General of National Security. Secure Canada’s mission is to combat terrorism and extremism by creating innovative laws, policies, and alliances that strengthen Canada’s national security and democracy. 

Source: Opinion: Canada has lost control of its immigration system — and Canadians know it

FIRST READING: Migrants are being screened on the honour system, MPs told

Would be nice if there was government reaction included in this article. Will await committee transcript to see if any substantive response but does contribute to undermining confidence in immigration and asylum:

Canada is so overwhelmed by refugee claimants that it is now standard practice to conduct security screenings on the honour system, the head of Canada’s border patrol union told Parliamentarians this week.

To speed things up, because we are short-staffed, we are allowing people into the country without first doing … security screening,” Mark Weber, president of the Customs and Immigration Union, told a meeting of the Standing Committee on Citizenship and Immigration.

Right now, any foreign national showing up at a Canadian border post and claiming to be a refugee will be required only to fill out a security questionnaire via a smartphone app.

After that, the foreigner is cleared to enter Canada as a refugee claimant, a status that entitles them to free health care, access to public schools and work permits. In some cases, claimants can even receive taxpayer-funded lodgings.

In 2024, numbers released by the federal government’s Interim Housing Assistance Program showed that some claimants were receiving free meals and hotel rooms to the tune of $224 per claimant, per day.

And given the current backlog in processing refugee claims, even a false refugee claimant can expect to enjoy protected status in Canada for up to two years until their case is reviewed by immigration authorities.

As Weber told Parliamentarians on Tuesday, the only way to head off hostile actors abusing the system is to hope that they will “self-declare that they’re here for no good.”

“Our goal at the border is to build the file to be able to identify non-genuine claims, and right now we’re kind of relying on people to self-declare that they’re a non-genuine claim,” he said.

Weber said that border guards are no longer able to watch for “patterns and flags” that would show up in an individual posing a security threat to Canada.

Rather, their job is simply to collect basic personal and biometric data (such as fingerprints) before sending refugee claimants on their way.

Border guards aren’t even allowed to review the self-reported answers given by refugee claimants; that all gets sent to Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada.

“Claimants spend significantly less time meaningfully interacting with officers, with the result of reduced security for the sake of expediency,” said Weber….

Source: FIRST READING: Migrants are being screened on the honour system, MPs told

Immigration minister extends pause on new private refugee sponsorships to 2027

Unfortunate, one of the more successful programs, in terms of both outcomes and support of Canadians:

Immigration Minister Lena Diab has extended the pause on new applications through the Private Sponsorship for Refugees Program for another 12 months as the department works to clear its backlog.

New ministerial instructions were published in the Canada Gazette on Friday, along with a notice on the Immigration, Refugees and Citizenship Canada website.

The pause was to be lifted at the end of December but will now be in place for another year, until Dec. 31, 2026.

This pause applies to refugee sponsorships submitted by community organizations or groups of five or more individuals. These sponsors have to support the refugee for one year after they arrive or until they can support themselves, whichever comes first.

Applications that were submitted before the pause took effect on Nov. 29, 2024 will still be processed, according to the notice.

Gauri Sreenivasan, Canadian Council for Refugees co-executive director, called the extension a “cruel blow for refugees” in a phone interview with The Canadian Press.

“This decision basically denies Canadians the ability to exercise our own generosity. And in that way, it’s really tone deaf to who we actually are as a country,” she said.

“I mean, government’s really losing touch with who we are.”

Sreenivasan said refugee sponsors were preparing to submit new applications in 2026, when the pause was originally scheduled to end….

Source: Immigration minister extends pause on new private refugee sponsorships to 2027